有机化梨园不同栽培措施节肢动物多样性比较

运用生物多样性指标对北京顺义地区有机化梨园3个不同栽培区节肢动物群落多样性及其动态进行了系统研究。结果表明,在同一园区内,不同栽培区节肢动物群落的丰富度和均匀度在整个生长季中的动态变化较一致,而优势度出现了明显的时序差别。群落个体数稀植区在大部分时间内均高于其它2区。3个区的主要优势害虫及其天敌在发生时间和数量上有一定差异,早春密植区木虱发生数量较大,稀植区中砂潜、金龟子类害虫以及步甲、蜘蛛类天敌数量相对丰富,入秋后稀植区木虱发生量最大,密植区最小。据此,对主要害虫综合防治体系建立提出了讨论意见。

Diversity of arthropod in different managed areas in organic pear or-chard

Using the methods of biodiversity, the arthropod communities were studied in 3 differently managed areas of the organic pear orchard, in Shunyi, Beijing. The results showed that: it was similar in the change of richness and evenness of the arthropod communities in the three areas in the whole season. The individual number of the arthropod communities in the low planted area was higher than in the other areas. It was different in the occurring time and quantity of dominant species: in early spring, there were more Psyllidaes in the dense planted area, but more main pests Opatrums and Scarabeidaes and their nature enemies Carabidaes and Spiders in the low planted area. After autumn, the quantity of Psyllidae was the largest in the low planted area, but the least in the dense planted area. Accordingly, we put forward some opinions on founding integrated management system for main pests.