深圳大南山地区土壤性质及其生态效应分析

[目的]为南山公园的优势种群——铁榄群落的建设和管理提供理论依据。[方法]采用环刀法,对深圳大南山土壤的理化性质现状进行取样调查。[结果]大南山土壤母岩为石英砂岩,土壤中多石砾。土壤孔隙度50%左右,质地为壤土。土壤呈强酸性,pH平均为4.75。土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮和速效磷平均含量分别为12.48 g/kg、0.49 g/kg、84.20 mg/kg和3.31 mg/kg,在剖面中的含量均随土层加深而下降。土壤有机质和全氮、碱解氮、速效磷呈显著正相关关系,相关系数分别为0.93、0.85和0.72。0~60 cm土层现实贮水量为688.94 t/hm2,最大保水能力为1 506.07 t/hm2,有机质、速效氮、磷贮量分别为63.31 t/hm2、720.30 kg/hm2和28.39 kg/hm2。[结论]土壤理化性质现状为深圳大南山的优势种群——铁榄群落的产生奠定一定的基础。

Physico-chemical Properties of Soils and Ecological Effect in Nanshan Park,Shenzhen

[Objective]The research aimed to provide important foundation for the construction and management of the dominant population——Sinosideroxylon pedunculatum community the Nanshan Park.[Method]The Cutting ring method was adopted to investigate the soil physical and chemical properties in Dananshan Area,Shenzhen City.[Result]The parent rock was quartz sandstone,and numerous gravels existed in the soil.The porosity was around 50%.The soil was loamy and acidic with a mean pH of 4.75.The average contents of organic matter(OM),total nitrogen(TN),available nitrogen(AN) and phosphorus(AP) were 12.48 g/kg,0.49 g/kg,84.20 mg/kg and 3.31 mg/kg,respectively.Their contents decreased with the increase of soil depth.Positive co-relations existed between OM and TN,AN and AP,and their correlation coefficients were 0.93,0.85 and 0.72,respectively.Real water storage in 0-60 cm soil layer was 688.94 t/hm2,and the largest water storage was 1 506.07 t/hm2.OM,AN and AP stored in 0-60 cm soil layer averaged at 63.31 t/hm2,720.30 kg/hm2 and 28.39 kg/hm2,respectively.[Conclusion]These soil physical and chemical properties made a foundation for the production of the dominant populations——Sinosideroxylon pedunculatum community in Nanshan Park,Shenzhen City.