荒漠草原区家庭牧场退化草地恢复管理措施研究

为探索荒漠草原区家庭生态牧场退化草地恢复治理措施,2014—2017年开展了对3户家庭生态牧场退化草地恢复管理措施试验。结果表明:补播措施和划破加补播措施明显提高了退化草地地上生物量、植被盖度及草群高度,对物种丰富度的影响不显著,补播措施地上生物量增加51.6%~58.4%,划破加补播处理地上生物量增加48.3%~48.9%;第3年,补播处理、划破加补播处理植被盖度较第1年的对照增加50.2%~70.8%,草群高度增加52.1%~69.8%;补播措施和划破加补播措施使杂草类在总生物量中的比例降低至10%左右,莎草类降低至14%左右。综合评价后,补播、划破加补播措施为当地家庭生态牧场退化草地恢复的有效管理措施;可以为荒漠草原区家庭生态牧场退化草地恢复治理提供技术支持。

Restoration and Management Measures for Degraded Grasslands of Family Ranches in Desert Steppe Area

To study the restoration management measures of degraded grassland in desert steppe area, degraded grassland restoration experiment of 3 family ranches was carried out from 2014 to 2017. The results showed that the after-culture treatment and ripping film + after-culture treatment significantly improved the aboveground biomass, vegetation coverage and grassland height of degraded grassland, there was no significant effect on species richness, after-culture treatment increased aboveground biomass by 51.6%-58.4%, and that of ripping film + after-culture treatment was 48.3%-48.9%. In the third year, the vegetation coverage of afterculture treatment and ripping film + after-culture treatment increased by 50.2%-70.8% compared with the first year, and grassland height increased by 52.1%-69.8%. After-culture treatment and ripping film + afterculture treatment reduced forb biomass to about 10% , and sedge biomass reduced to about 14% . Comprehensive evaluation showed that after-culture treatment and ripping film + after-culture treatment were the effective management measures for restoration of degraded grassland, and the study could provide technical support for the restoration of degraded grassland in the desert steppe area.