城市透水面集水效应现场试验

现场试验是获得城市透水面雨水下渗特性的重要手段。为了探索和验证城市透水面集水效应的现场试验方法,并初步率定嵌草砖铺装路面的渗流特性,通过城市嵌草砖铺装路面的降雨模拟现场试验,观测试验面出口的径流过程。结果证实：1）该试验系统的降雨模拟装置可移动性好,节水显著;径流观测装置对试验区周围地貌改变微小,其灵敏度和可操作性符合试验要求。2）嵌草砖铺装路面初期产流量较小,其主要原因是高出地面的嵌草及低于地面的水坑阻挡了地表径流;试验场出口径流过程曲线有波动,造成这种现象的主要原因是流场中嵌草的起伏和摆动。3）当地表充分湿润、降雨强度为1.19 mm/min时,嵌草砖铺装路面的渗流率约为0.42。

A field experiment to simulate infiltration processes of the urban pervious surfaces

The field experiment is an effective way to explore the infiltration properties of the urban pervious surface.This study presents a novel method feasible to the field study of the urban pervious surfaces,and provides the infiltration characteristics of the grass-embedded pavement.Then a field experiment with detailed observation of runoff processes was carried on the grass-embedded pavement.It could be concluded that: 1) The simulator was a movable and water-saving device which could do little changes on the environment near the experimental field,and it is also enough sensitive and operable.2) It is the waving grasses planted in the brick holes that blocks the runoff in the initial stage of the rainfall simulation and fluctuates the runoff process curves in the later stage.3) When the water content of the land surface was saturated,and the rainfall intensity was 1.19 mm/min,the coefficient of the grass-embedded pavement is 0.42.