施氮量对不同品种滴灌棉花氮素利用率及产量的影响

【目的】研究不同施氮量对不同品种滴灌棉花的氮素利用率及产量的影响,为种植棉花高效合理的施用氮肥和高产量提供理论参考。【方法】供试棉花品种为新陆早50号、新陆早58号、鲁棉研24号,施氮量水平为0、120、240、360 kg/hm²纯氮。【结果】不同品种棉花吐絮期的各器官氮素分配比从大到小分别为:纤维+种子>叶片>铃壳>茎秆;不同施氮处理对不同品种棉花的平均氮累积量为N₃>N₂>N₁>N₀,不同品种氮累积量为新陆早58号>新陆早50号>鲁棉研24号;新陆早50号和鲁棉研24号在施氮量240 kg/hm²、新陆早58号在施氮量360 kg/hm²时的氮素利用率和产量达到最优,在获得高产的同时氮素达到有效的利用。【结论】3个品种中以新陆早58号的氮素分配率、氮累积量、生物量和产量达最高,鲁棉研24号的氮素利用率高于另外2个品种;滴灌棉花在360 kg/hm²处理下的生物量、氮素累积量和籽棉产量最高。

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency and Yield of Different Varieties of Drip Irrigation Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

【Objective】 To study the effects of different nitrogen application rates on nitrogen utilization efficiency and yield of different varieties of drip irrigation cotton in the hope of providing a theoretical reference for efficient and reasonable application of nitrogen fertilizer and high yield. 【Methods】The cotton varieties tested were Xinluzao No. 50, Xinluzao No. 58, and Lumianyan No. 24, and the nitrogen application rate was 0, 120, 240, 360 kg/hm² pure nitrogen.【Results】 The results showed that the nitrogen distribution ratios of different organs in different boll opening stages were: fiber + seed > leaf > boll shell > stalk; The average nitrogen accumulation of different varieties of cotton under different nitrogen application treatments was N₃>N₂>N₁>N₀; The nitrogen accumulation of different varieties was Xinluzao 58 > Xinluzao 50 > Lumianyan 24; The nitrogen use efficiency and yield of Xinluzao 50 and Lumianyan 24 reached the best at the nitrogen application rate of 240 kg/hm² for Xinluzao 50, and the nitrogen application rate of 360 kg/hm² for Lumianyan 24, and the nitrogen utilization reached the effective utilization at the same time as the high yield was obtained. Xinluzao No.50 and Lumianyan No.24 in the amount of nitrogen application 240 kg/hm². Xinluzao No. 58 has the best nitrogen utilization rate and yield when the nitrogen application rate is 360 kg/hm², and the nitrogen is effectively utilized while obtaining high yield. 【Conclusion】 Among the three varieties, Xinluzao 58 had the highest nitrogen distribution rate, nitrogen accumulation, biomass and yield. The nitrogen use efficiency of Lumianyan 24 was higher than that of the other two varieties. The biomass, nitrogen accumulation and seed cotton yield of drip irrigation cotton under 360 kg/hm² treatment were the highest.