心率变异性在3 600 m速度型伊犁马选择分析

【目的】分析伊犁马赛前安静状态心率变异性(HRV),研究马匹运动能力,为选择优秀运动性能马匹的选择提供理论依据。【方法】选取3~4岁伊犁马22匹,进行3 600 m比赛,在赛前采集马匹静态心率变异性指标,将参赛伊犁马按照竞赛用时分为优秀组、中等组、普通组三组,进行不同运动性能赛前HRV差异性分析,分析各项指标与成绩的相关性和各项指标之间的差异性。【结果】时域指标中,中等组pNN50显著高于优秀组(P＜0.05);频域指标中HF、LFnu、HFnu优秀组显著优于中等组(P＜0.05),极显著优于普通组(P＜0.01);LF/HF优秀组极显著低于普通组(P＜0.01),中等组显著低于普通组(P＜0.05);TP优秀组极显著高于普通组(P＜0.01)。赛前伊犁马频域指标LF/HF与竞赛用时呈极显著正相关(P＜0.01);LFnu与成绩呈显著正相关(P＜0.05);HF、TP、HFnu与成绩呈显著负相关(P＜0.05)。【结论】参加3 600 m速度赛的马匹副交感神经占主导地位,且交感-副交感神经均衡调节的马匹竞赛成绩较好。通过对赛前静态HRV的分析能够有效的选择竞技状态良好的马匹。

Study on Heart Rate Variability in the Selection of 3600 m Speed Yili Horses

【Objective】 Through the (HRV) analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) in quiet state before Yili equestrian race, the sports ability of horses is understood, which provides a theoretical basis for the selection of excellent sports performance horses. 【Method】 22 Yili horses aged 3 years old were selected for 3600 meters race. The static heart rate variability (HRV) indexes of horses were collected before the race. According to the time of competition, the horses were divided into three groups: excellent group, medium group and ordinary group. The difference of HRV before different sports performance was analyzed, and the correlation between each index and achievement and the difference between each index were analyzed. 【Result】 The results showed that the pNN50 in the medium group was significantly higher than that in the excellent group (P < 0.05). In frequency domain indexes, the HF, LFnu and HFnu in the excellent group were significantly superior to the medium group (P < 0.05), and extremely significantly superior to the ordinary group (P< 0.01). The LF/HF in the excellent group was significantly lower than that in the ordinary group (P < 0.01), and it in the intermediate group was significantly lower than that in the ordinary group (P< 0.05). The TP in the excellent group was extremely significantly higher than that in the ordinary group (P< 0.01). Before the race, the LF/HF index in the frequency domain presented an extremely significant positive correlation with the racing time (P< 0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between LFnu and scores (P< 0.05), and the index of HF, TP and HFnu were negatively correlated with scores (P< 0.05). 【Conclusion】 The parasympathetic nerves of these horses in the competition of 3,600 m account for a leading role, and the horses of balanced adjustment in sympathetic nerves and parasympathetic nerves have better performance. Through the analysis of static HRV before the race, we can effectively select the horses in good condition.