芦笋两性株调查与初步利用研究

以第3届国际芦笋品种区域试验中国区内36个芦笋新品种为试验材料,对其中的两性株进行了调查研究,详细描述了芦笋两性株的花、果实和种子形态特征,并提出了两性株实用的调查方法;分析比较了芦笋两性株发生率在不同品种间的差异;调查明确了芦笋两性植株共37株,收集其自交或异交后代种子,构建了157株芦笋两性株S1群体,可望从中筛选超雄株进行芦笋全雄品种选育;并以Backlim的112株两性株S1群体作为试验样本,对芦笋性别决定基因进行了遗传分析,其雌、雄比例符合1对等位基因差异所表现的3∶1的分离比例;通过Backlim中的两性株连续自交2代,获得了该品种的S2后代,可用来构建芦笋"纯系"。

Investigation and Preliminary Utilization of Andromonoecious Plants of Asparagus

Research was conducted on 36 new asparagus cultivars from the 3rd International Asparagus Trial in China for investigation and utilization of andromonoecious plants.The morphological characteristics of flowers,fruits and seeds of the andromonoecious plants of asparagus were described in detail.A practical method for investigation was also presented,which might provide theoretical foundation for the recognition of andromonoecious plants in asparagus.Comparison was made on the occurrence of andromonoecious plants among different asparagus varieties.A total of 37 andromonoecious plants were confirmed.Seeds from these plants were collected and used directly for asparagus breeding.A S1 population with 157 individuals from these andromonoecious plants was constructed for molecular marker-assisted selection for super-male plant in asparagus.The sex of 112 individual plants from andromonoecious plants in Backlim was identified by flower to reveal the genetics of sex determining genes.Test revealed a 3∶1 ratio for male to female in the S1 population.The S2 progeny was obtained by selfing of andromonoecious plants in Backlim,which could be used for establishment of pure self-bred line in asparagus.