Effect of irrigation management on soil salinization in Manas River Valley, Xinjiang, China |
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Authors: | Yuyi Li Huancheng Pang Hailin Zhang Fu Chen |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Agro-resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China;(2) College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China |
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Abstract: | Abstract The irrigated area of Manas River Valley in Northwest China is an example of the successful reclamation of massive
land affected by shallow ground water levels and salinization. To determine the effect of irrigation management practices
on soil salinization, soil profiles representing various soil types were sampled. The historical records on the characteristics
of irrigation management practices, groundwater level and soil salts accumulation in this region at four key periods, namely:
flood irrigation without drainage; flood irrigation with drainage but of low efficiency; irrigation in combination with lined
irrigation canals and exploitation of groundwater; and irrigation with the application of water-saving irrigation techniques,
were analyzed emphatically. In addition, the salinization status of cultivated land in 2010 and 2020 was also predicted by
using analogism according to the relationship between soil salinization and irrigation practices. The results revealed that
the application of the traditional irrigation methods, such as flood irrigation and ridge irrigation, resulted in a rapid
rising of groundwater level and salts accumulation in soil surface layers. However, with the way of well irrigation and well
drainage, the groundwater level and the desalinization in soil layers apparently lowered, leading to a substantial increase
of crop yield. Currently, the application of drip irrigation under mulch decreased the salts concentration in soil layers
and increased the crop yield. With the continuous application of drip irrigation, the average soil desalinization efficiency
in soil layers may increase. It is predicted that the percentage of salinized land would be reduced to 35%–40% when irrigation
water is utilized reasonably in 2010. With the high efficient utilization of irrigation water after 2020, the salinized land
would remain below 30%. It is concluded that with the improvement of irrigation management, an obvious desalinization would
appear in the soil surface layers and the area of salinized land in this study area would gradually narrow, but the land salinization
problem would be hard to totally solve.
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Translated from Journal of China Agricultural University, 2007, 12(1): 22–26 译自: 中国农业大学学报] |
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Keywords: | irrigated area irrigation practices drainage drip irrigation soil salinization Manas River Valley |
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