贵州1960-2016年气温时空变化特征

气温是气候变化研究中最主要的构成要素之一，对区域生态环境有着重要的影响。运用线性倾向率、Mann-Kendall突变检验、小波分析等方法对贵州省19个气象站近57年温度资料进行了年与季节尺度变化特征分析，结果表明:贵州近57年年和季节温度均呈现明显的波动上升趋势，年升温速率0.13℃/10 a，春季、夏季、秋季、冬季升温速率分别为:0.11℃/10 a，0.09℃/10 a，0.18℃/10 a，0.17℃/10 a，进入21世纪后升温进程加速，但在空间分布上差异性显著，气温升温区域与降温区域交替并存；年均温和秋季气温在2001年发生突变，春季和冬季均温分别在2005年、1987年发生突变，突变前后温度变化差异较大，夏季气温未检测到突变现象；另外，贵州气温变化周期性特征并不明显，缺乏能量较大、信号稳定的全时域周期振荡；冬季温度周期性变化特征较为复杂，呈现出5~7，10~15 a等多个时间尺度的周期特征。

Spatiotemporal Change of Surface Temperature over the Last 57 Years in Guizhou Province

Temperature is one of the most important elements in climate change studies, and has an important influence on the regional ecological environment. Based on monthly temperature data from 19 stations in Guizhou Province during 1960—2016, the characteristics of temperature change were analyzed by using the linear regression, Mann-Kendall test, Wavelet analysis methods. The results are indicated as follows. (1) There was a significant climate warming trend for annual and seasonal temperatures in Guizhou Province in recent 57 years, the heating rates of annual, spring, summer, autumn and winter are 0.13℃/decade, 0.11℃/decade，0.09℃/decade，0.18℃/decade，0.17℃/decade, respectively, and the warming presented the accelerated trend since entering the 21st century. However, the spatial distribution showed a high heterogeneity, and the warming region and the cooling region coexisted. (2) An abrupt change of the annual and autumn temperature wavelike rising tendency in 2001 was detected by M-K test, with the spring and winter average temperature abrupt changing in 2005, 1987, respectively, but there was no abrupt change point of summer average temperature. (3) The characteristics of periodic oscillation in Guizhou Province were not obvious, and there was lack of full time domain oscillation. Winter temperature change was more complex, which also had oscillation periods of 5~7 years and 10~15 years.