Cryopreservation of farm animal gametes and embryos: recent updates and progress |
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| Authors: | Zhengyuan HUANG Lei GAO Yunpeng HOU Shien ZHU Xiangwei FU |
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| Institution: | 1. National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture/College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China2. State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China |
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| Abstract: | Cryopreservation has undergone tremendous advances and is widely used in animal production based on decades of study of cellular permeability, freezability and empirical generalization. Several improvement are particularly important: the cryopreservation protocol has been continuously refined over the years to achieve greater reproductive performance; cryoprotective agents are more effective and less toxic than previously; there has been significant innovation in advanced cryopreservation systems and carriers. Despite this, there are still problems that urgently require practical solutions, such as remedies for cryodamage and encouraging the use of frozen–thawed porcine sperm in pig production. |
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| Keywords: | vitrification gametes embryo animal production cryoprotective agent freezability |
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