栽培措施对稻米增硒降镉效果研究

稻米镉含量超标是确保粮食安全的重大隐患,威胁着人类健康;硒是人体必需元素,遍布人体所有器官,而且与镉有拮抗作用,能促使镉从人体内排泄。民以食为天,为人们提供富含硒而镉含量不超标的大米,已成为目前普遍的饮食新需求。笔者通过3年的试验研究证实,采取＂推广撒施钙镁磷肥,晒田排水时撒施石灰,出穗期实施深水管理,破口抽穗期-乳熟期喷施富硒叶面肥＂等综合措施,可以确保在镉含量二级背景值（镉含量0.2 mg/kg-0.6 mg/kg）的土壤中生产出食用安全的＂富硒而镉不超标＂大米。

Effects of Cultivation Techniques on Selenium Increasing and Cadmium Decreasing in Rice

Excessive amounts of cadmium （Cd） in rice is a big threaten to food safety, which pose a direct health threat to humans. Selenium （Se） is an essential element for human health. Se has an antagonism against Cd and it promotes removing Cd from human body. Based on three years field tests, the author found an effective way to produce fine quality rice （Se-enrich and low Cd rice） in soils of grade II（Soil Quality Standard, total Cd in soil, 0.2-0.6 mg/kg）. These comprehensive measures are described as follows：fertilize Ca-Mg-P after plowing, spread lime during draining and sunning the fields, apply deep water management at mature stage, and fertilize Se foliar-fertilizer at heading stage and milky stage.