行间生草对红地球葡萄园树体及土壤物理性状的影响

在夏季高温条件下,研究了葡萄园行间清耕及行间生白三叶草对红地球葡萄园树体生长及土壤物理性状的影响,为葡萄园行间生草提供试验依据。结果表明:生草处理的葡萄叶绿素(SPAD值)、叶面积、节间长、节间粗分别为35.53、366.80cm2、13.03cm、1.275cm,比清耕增加2.33%、0.55%、7.69%、6.25%,但差异不显著;夏季高温条件下,14:00-16:00时,生草处理对地表至地下10cm处的降温效果显著;生草处理0～10cm土壤容积含水量明显高于清耕处理,而30～40cm土壤容积含水量又略低于清耕处理;生草使土壤容重降低9.49%,总孔隙度提高4个百分点;生草还降低了葡萄叶片的温度及气孔导度。可见,葡萄园行间生草改善了土壤物理性状,促进了葡萄生长发育。

The Effect of Green Cover on Tree and Soil Physical Properties of Red Globe Vineyards

Under the condition of high temperature in Summer,the effects of weed clearing and green cover with white clover on tree and soil physical properties of red globe vineyards were comparatively studied,in order to provid a theoretical basis for green grasses of the vineyard.The results showed that weeding green grasses of vineyards had an effect on chlorophyll,leaf area,internode length and stem diameter,which increaseed 2.33%,0.55%,7.69% and 6.25%,respectively.However the effect was not significant.Under the high temperatures in Summer,weeding green grasses lowered the temperature significantly from the ground surface in the depth of 10 cm at 14:00-16:00,and the soil volumetric water content among the soil depth field in 0-10 cm was significantly higher than that at weed clearing place.Also,in the depth 30-40 cm range,field water capacity is slightly lower than that at the weed clearing area.Weeding grasses reduced the soil bulk density to 9.49% and increased four percent of the total porosity;grasses also lowered the temperature of grape leaves and stomatal conductance.Clearly,vineyard orchard grass not only improved the micro-climate but also improved soil physical properties,and promoted root growth and absorption which were conducive to the growth and development of vines.