Responses of soil phosphorus pools accompanied with carbon composition and microorganism changes to phosphorus-input reduction in paddy soils |
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Authors: | Jiahui YUAN Lei WANG Hao CHEN Guanglei CHEN Shenqiang WANG Xu ZHAO and Yu WANG |
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Institution: | 1State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008(China);
2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049(China);
3Organic Food Development Center, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042(China);
4College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095(China) |
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Abstract: | In rice-wheat rotation systems, changes in soil phosphorus (P) pools and microorganisms in rice-growing seasons have been studied; however, further investigations are required to test whether these indexes exhibit different responses in wheat-growing seasons. Additionally, such studies need to include potential variations in soil carbon (C) structure and microbial community composition. In this study, a long-term rice-wheat rotation P-input reduction experiment was conducted to observe the variations in soil P pools and C composition in the 7th wheat season and to investigate the responses of soil enzyme activity and microbial communities. Four P fertilization treatments were included in the experiment, i.e., P application for rice season only (PR), for wheat season only (PW), and for both rice and wheat seasons (PR+W) and no P application in either season (Pzero). Compared with PR+W treatment, Pzero treatment significantly decreased (P < 0.05) labile and stable P pools. Different P fertilization regimes altered soil microbial community composition and enzyme activity, whereas C composition did not vary. However, PW treatment resulted in relatively more O-alkyl-C than PR treatment and the highest number of microorganisms. Besides, the higher ratios of fungi/bacteria and Gram-positive bactetia/Gram-negative bactetia were related to labile C pools, particularly O-alkyl-C, as opposed to recalcitrant C. Our results clarified the status of soil P pools, C chemistry, and the response of microorganisms under dry-farming conditions in the P input-reduced rice-wheat rotation system. |
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Keywords: | 13C nuclear magnetic resonance dry farming enzyme activity microbial community composition phospholipid fatty acid phosphorus fractionation wheat season |
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