秸秆捆烧清洁供暖技术评价

中国北方地区秸秆资源丰富，将秸秆打捆转化为能源实现清洁取暖，既能解决秸秆过剩问题，又能有效替代煤炭，对改善大气质量和人居环境具有重要意义。为探究秸秆捆烧清洁供暖技术的能源效率、经济效益和温室气体排放，采用3E（Economic，Energy and Environment）评价模型，从作物种植收获到秸秆捆烧供暖应用全过程开展系统评价。结果表明，秸秆捆烧供暖技术的能源和经济效益较好、温室气体排放少，适于居住较集中的村镇地区冬季供暖，也可用于农业、工业园区等区域供热。供暖面积0.5×104～10×104m2范围内，供暖面积越高，能源和经济环境效益越好，秸秆捆烧供暖的净能量10 512～10 774.8 MJ/t，能量产出投入比8.4～8.5，能源转化率较高，温室气体CO2当量排放量为9.67～11.21 g/MJ；经济成本391.1～560.5元/t（折合16.2～23.8元/m2），按基准收益率8%计算，供暖规模应不小于2×104 m2，若不考虑折旧只考虑运行成本，则供暖面积应不小于1×104 m2。与秸秆成型燃料和秸秆炭气联产供暖技术比较，均具有较好的经济效益，秸秆捆烧供暖技术的能量效益最优，温室气体排放量最少。与煤炭供暖技术相比，3种秸秆供暖技术的净能量产出不如煤炭，但温室气体排放仅为煤炭的1/10～1/7，秸秆清洁供暖技术的环境效益显著。

Technical evaluation of baled stover burning for clean heating

Abstract: The stover resources in northern China are rich, and the collected resources are about 380 Mt, equivalent to 190 Mtce. Converting stover bales into energy to achieve clean heating can not only solve the problem of excess stover, but also replace coal, which is of great significance for improving air quality and human settlements. In order to explore the energy efficiency, economic benefits and greenhouse gas emissions of baled stover burning boiler for clean heating, This study is based on the principle of the whole life cycle, using the 3E (economic, energy and environment) model to carry out a systematic evaluation, ranging from crop planting and harvesting to baled stover burning for heating. The results show that the baled stover for heating technology has better energy and economic benefits, and has less greenhouse gas emissions. It is suitable for heating in winter in villages and towns with concentrated living, and can be used for district heating, such as agriculture and industrial parks. The heating area ranges from 5,000 to 100,000 m2, the net energy of baled stover for heating is 10 512-10 774.8 MJ/t, and the energy output input ratio is 8.4-8.5, and the energy conversion rate is relatively high. In addition, the greenhouse gas emissions (CO2 eq.) 9.67-11.21 g/MJ. The total cost of heating by burning stover bales is 391.1 yuan/t (equivalent to 16.2 yuan/m2) -560.5 yuan/t (equivalent to 23.8 yuan/m2), Calculated at an 8% rate of return, the heating scale should not be less than 20,000 m2. If depreciation is not considered and only operating costs are considered, the heating area should not be less than 10,000 m2. Compared with stover densified biofuel for heating technology and stover carbon-gas co-generation for heating technology, baled stover burning for heating technology has the best energy efficiency and the least greenhouse gas emissions. Compared with coal heating technology, the net energy output of the three stover heating technologies is less than that of coal, but the greenhouse gas emissions are only 1/10 to 1/7 of that of coal, and the environmental benefits are significant. It is recommended to further improve the heating facilities in northern China''s villages and towns, and promote the application of clean heating technologies in northern villages and towns, such as baled stover burning, densified biofuel and pyrolysis carbon-gas cogeneration. Stover clean heating technology can effectively alleviate air pollution and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.