安家岭露天煤矿土地利用结构预测

采用实地调绘、航片判读、统计分析、历史类比与趋势外推相结合的方法 ,对平朔安家岭露天煤矿 1 998～ 2 0 1 9年剧烈扰动的 1 65 2 0h 的土地利用结构进行了预测性研究。结果表明 ,2 2年间 ,共剥离岩土 1 60 980 0万 ,挖损土地 1 2 0 0 0h ,压占土地 45 2 0h ,其中 ,耕地和林牧用地分别消失 874 3h 和 79 0h 。规划后的土地利用结构有了明显的改善 ,其中 ,耕地由原来的 5 5 0 %提高到 67 0 % ;林牧用地由原来的 4 5 %提高到 30 0 % ,基本消除了荒地和其它未利用地。同时 ,耕地总量动态平衡结果表明 ,以 6年为耕地恢复期 ,大约在采矿 2 6年后 ,耕地总量可达到平衡 ;若以 1 0年为耕地恢复期 ,大约在采矿 34年后 ,耕地总量可达到平衡。

Prediction of Land Use Structure in Anjialing Open-Pit Mine

Adopting the method of combining surveying and mapping on the spot,reading aerial photograph,statistical analysis,historical analogy and inferring from trend,we predict the land use structure of drastically disturbed mined land in AJL opencast coal mine of Pingshuo. The result shows that there will be 1.6098 billion  of rock and soil being stripped off,1 200.0 h of land being excavated and 452.0 h of land being covered during 1998-2019.Of the total damaged land, there will be 874.3 h 0f arable land and 79.0 h 0f forest and grass land. However,after reclamation planning,the land use structure will be improved remarkably. For example, the rate of arable land and that of forest land and grassland will be lifted from the original 53.0% and 4.5%to 67.0% and 30.0% respectively. Moreover, barren land and other unused land will be removed by and large. At the same time,we predict the equilibrium of the total amount of arable land in this area. The result shows that the total amount of arable land in AJL mine can reach equilibrium after 26 years since mining if the restoration stage is 6 years. That can only reach equilibrium after 34 years or so since mining if the restoration stage is 10 years.