基于海洋硅藻的生物燃油生产

微藻与陆生作物相比,具有生物量大、生长周期短、脂质含量高、不占用耕地等特点,已成为生物燃油原料的首选。微藻生物燃油的经济性生产,需要建立能保持单一藻种优势的开放型微藻生产系统。采用海洋硅藻——角毛藻(Chaetoceros)作为讨论对象,综述了目前基于海洋硅藻的生物燃油生产系统设计所应用的技术:在开放型系统中生产硅藻,从生长介质中收获硅藻,从收获的硅藻中提取油脂和脂肪酸,以及整体的经济性。

Marine diatom based biofuel production

Alternatives to fossil fuel based energy must be developed. Emphasis on terrestrial crop based biofuel has already led to the most severe food price inflation in history as grain(corn)and soybean prices climbed to alltime highs.The leading candidates to replace oil are microalgae,particularly diatoms,because of the advantages of larger biomass,rapid reproduction,faster growth,higher content lipid components and do not use farm land.An outstanding attribute of an open microalgae based biofuel production system is its ability to simultaneously capture carbon dioxide and other pollutants during the growth process.This paper reviews the technologies available today to the designers of a marine diatom based biofuel production system: cultivation of microalgae in open systems,removal of diatom from their growth media,the separation of lipids or fatty acids from the harvested diatom,and the overall economics.The marine diatom,Chaetoceros,is used as the model for development.