基于多源数据的村庄发展潜力评价及村庄分类

村庄是促进城乡发展的重要单元，厘清村庄发展潜力、合理划分村庄类型是推动乡村振兴战略的基础。本研究以广州市从化区为例，基于多源数据构建评价指标体系，进行村庄发展潜力评价，并结合潜力评价结果、POI（兴趣点）数据核密度分析、引力模型划分村庄类型。结果表明：从化区村庄发展潜力整体上较好，但发展潜力分布不均衡，呈现西南强、东北弱的空间格局，形成以城区为中心向外扩散的圈层结构；从化区村庄可划分为经济核心类村庄、集聚提升类村庄、相对稳定类村庄、规模控制类村庄、搬迁撤并类村庄5类，数量占比分别为14.23%、12.69%、23.08%、25.38%、24.62%。研究表明，基于多源数据进行村庄发展潜力评价具有时效性和普适性，结合发展潜力、POI数据、村庄竞争力划分村庄类型，可为村庄发展规划精细化实施提供参考。

Evaluation of village development potential and village classification by multi-source data

Villages are important units for promoting urban and rural development. Clarifying the development potential of villages and reasonably classifying village types are the basis for promoting rural revitalization strategies. This study took the Conghua District, Guangzhou City as an example and constructed an evaluation index system based on multi-source data to evaluate the development potential of villages. The potential evaluation results, points of interest(POI) data kernel density analysis, and gravitational model were combined to classify village types. The village development potential of the Conghua District is generally good, but the distribution of development potential is uneven, showing a spatial pattern of strong in the southwest and weak in the northeast, forming a circle structure with the urban area as the centre and spreading outwards. The villages in the Conghua District are divided into five categories:economic core villages, agglomeration and upgrading villages, relatively stable villages, scale control villages, and relocation and evacuation villages, accounting for 14.23%, 12.69%, 23.08%, 25.38% and 24.62% respectively. The evaluation of village development potential based on multi-source data is time-sensitive and universal, combining development potential, POI data analysis, and village competition to classify village types and provide reference for the fine implementation of village development planning.