库姆塔格沙漠西缘风况特征及沙丘运移规律

利用风况资料和Google Earth卫星影像,分析研究区域的风况特征及沙丘运移特征,并研究沙丘年运移速度、方向及其规律,对防沙治沙手段的提高具有重要意义。结果表明：（1）研究区年平均风速为1.535~1.768 m/s,起沙风平均风速最高值出现在5,6月,全年起沙风平均风速的最低值出现在1月。（2）起沙风和输沙势主要分布在WSW、W、WNW和NW方位。（3）输沙势为0~26 VU,属于低风能环境;风向变率为0.5~0.9,属于中风向变率,钝双峰风况。（4）研究区沙丘年平均移动速度为12.26 m/a,沙丘平均年前移值在10 m以上,属最快速类型,平均移动方向为125.13°,与当地合成输沙方向基本一致。（5）沙丘运移速度与沙丘高度、宽度呈负相关关系,除沙丘高度、宽度以外,风速、输沙势、沙丘密度也影响沙丘的运移速度。

Characteristics of Wind Conditions and Dune Movement Rules on the West Edge of Kumtag Desert, China

Using the wind condition data and Google Earth satellite images, the wind condition characteristics and dune movement characteristics were analyzed in this paper. And the annual movement speed and direction and rules were studied, which was of great significance to the improvement of sand prevention and control means in the studied region. The results showed that: (1) The annual average wind speed in the study area was 1.535~1.768 m/s, the highest average wind speed of sand blowing occurred in May and June, while the lowest in January. (2) Sand blowing wind and sand transport potential were mainly distributed in the directions of WSW, W, WNW and NW. (3) The sand transport potential was between 0 and 26 VU, which was a low wind energy environment. The variability of wind direction was between 0.5 and 0.9, which belonged to the variability of stroke direction and blunt bimodal wind conditions. (4) The average annual moving speed of the dunes in the study area was 12.26 m/a, and the average forward movement of the dunes was above 10 m, which was the fastest type; the average moving direction was 125.13°, which was basically the same as the local synthetic sand transport direction. (5) Sand dune moving speed was negatively correlated with its height and width. In addition to height and width, wind speed, sand transport potential, and sand dune density also affected the moving speed of sand dunes.