小麦秆锈菌生理小种鉴别寄主及命名方法的演变

为了监测小麦秆锈菌生理小种变化动态及其毒力变异规律，为预防Ug99入侵并开展相应抗源筛选创新提供参考，全面介绍了国内外不同时期小麦秆锈菌生理小种的鉴别寄主及相应的小种命名法的演变情况：(1)Stakman′s标准鉴别寄主与小种命名；(2)Roelfs单基因鉴定法的鉴别寄主与小种命名；(3)中国当前和以后拟采用的小麦秆锈菌小种鉴定的鉴别寄主名称与小种命名。这些介绍将有助于小麦秆锈病研究者与育种学家间的信息交流。

Stepwise Shift of Differential Hosts and Racial Designation of Puccinia graminis f.sp. Tritici

Monitoring race dynamics and the pattern of virulence variation of Puccinia graminis f.sp.tritici is necessary to prevent Ug99 from invasion and guide corresponding resource selection, creation and breeding for resistance. In the present paper, the different nomenclature systems used in China and abroad at different stages for race identification of P. graminis f.sp. tritici were described as: (1) Stakman's standard differential hosts and race name; (2) Roelfs'coding system with single Sr gene lines and race designation; (3) Chinese compound system with three parts of differential hosts and corresponding race designations. The crucial points of understanding the relevant information were also discussed those might benefit the information use and exchange between rust specialists and wheat breeders.