缓释肥替代普通化肥对蒜苗生长、产量及品质的影响

针对蒜苗生产中化学肥料用量过大的问题，采用田间试验，设置CK（不施肥）、T1（普通化肥常量施肥）、T2（普通化肥减量施肥）、T3（缓释肥减量施肥）、T4（缓释肥常量施肥）5 个处理，研究缓释肥替代普通化肥对蒜苗生长、产量及品质的影响，为减少化肥用量提供理论依据。结果表明，与T1 处理相比，T3 处理可以显著提高蒜苗茎粗、叶宽、假茎长、根系活力、光合色素含量；也可显著提高蒜苗中VC、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量，各指标分别增加78.2%、84.2%、12.6%；可显著降低蒜苗硝酸盐及粗纤维含量，显著增加大蒜素含量，产量增加4.1%，净收益提高9.7%。综上所述，缓释肥减量施肥有利于蒜苗生长，在提高产量的同时又显著提高蒜苗品质，增加经济效益，为本试验最优处理。

Effects of Slow-released Fertilizer Instead of Chemical Fertilizer on Growth，Yield and Quality of Garlic Seedlings

Aiming at the issue of excessive chemical fertilizer dosage in garlic seedling production，this paper adopted a field experiment and set up 5 treatments as CK（no fertilization），T1（constant fertilization of local ordinary chemical fertilizer），T2（reduced fertilization of ordinary chemical fertilizer），T3（reduced fertilization of slow-released fertilizer），T4（constant fertilization of slow-released fertilizer） to study the effects of replacing ordinary chemical fertilizer by slow-released fertilizer on the growth，yield and quality of garlic seedling，so as to provide theoretical bases for reducing the dosage of chemical fertilizer．The results showed that comparing with T1 treatment，T3 treatment could significantly increase the stem thickness，leaf width，pseudostem length，root system vigour，photosynthetic pigment content of garlic seedling and remarkably increase the contents of VC，soluble sugar and soluble protein in garlic seedlings．Each index had been increased by 78.2%，84.2% and 12.6%，respectively．T3 treatment could also significantly reduce the nitrate and crude fiber content of garlic seedling and increase the allicin content．Thus，the yield would be increased by 4.1% and net income be increased by 9.7%．In summary，reduced fertilization of slow-released fertilizer（T3） is helpful for the growth of garlic seedlings．It can increase the yield and at the same time significantly improve the quality of garlic seedlings．It has increased the economic benefits．So it is the best treatment in this experiment．