1998-2008年黑龙江省木本植物物候期变化特征

选用1998-2008年黑龙江省26个农业气象试验站的紫丁香(Syringa oblata)、旱柳(Salix matsudana)、榆树(Ulmus pumila)和小叶杨(Populus simonii)等木本植物物候资料,利用统计方法分析木本植物的演变。结果表明,旱柳进入萌动期-叶芽开放期最早,在3月末-4月末,其余3种植物在4月中旬-5月初进入该期;4种植物在4月下半月-5月中旬进入展叶始期,4月下旬-5月末进入开花始期;旱柳和榆树的果熟期在5月下半月-6月初,小叶杨则在5月末-6月末;4种植物的叶初变色期集中在9月中旬-10月中旬,在9月末-10月末进入落叶始期。4种植物春、秋季物候期均呈推迟趋势,其中紫丁香的展叶期、开花盛期、叶变色期,榆树的开花期、叶变色期和落叶始期以及小叶杨所有秋季物候期均明显推迟(P<0.05)。除少部分站点外,大多站点4种植物的生长季长度没有明显的变化趋势。

Phenology Change of Woody Plants during 1998-2008 in Heilongjiang Province

Based on phenology data of 26 agro-meteorological stations in Heilongjiang province during 1998-2008,the woody plant evolution of Syringa oblata,Salix matsudana,Ulmus pumila and Populus simonii was analyzed.The results showed that Salix matsudana got into the bud opening from late March to late April,which was earlier than the other three species.The beginning of leaf expansion of the four plants was concentrated in late April to mid May.They all got into first flowering from late April to late May.The fruit ripening period of Salix matsudana and Ulmus pumila were in late May to June,but Populus simonii were in late May to late June.The primary leaf color changing of the four species were concentrated in mid September to mid October,the leaf falling were concentrated in late September to late October.The four species showed a delaying trend in both spring phenology and autumn phenology.The date of exuberance,flower flourishing and leaf color changing of Syringa oblate delayed obviously.The same as the date of flowering,leaf color changing and leaf falling of Ulmus pumila,and also for the autumn phenology of Populus simonii.There was no obvious change for growth season of four species,but part of region changed significantly.