退耕还林工程效益评价指标体系研究

退耕还林工程效益评价指标体系的构建是一种趋势性需要。已有的效益评价体系主要反映在生态效益、费用成本和产出收益等方面。我国退耕还林工程尚缺乏规范的评价体系。通过对规范指标筛选原则、确定指标权重、建立动态更新的指标库等方法实现评价指标体系规范化的可行性的探讨,认为指标库的首要特点应是动态更新性,可借鉴美国EBI指标体系管理及更新方法管理指标库。指标体系的构建既要以生态效益评价为重点,又要充分反映经济、社会等方面的效益。加强对我国效益评价体系的规范化研究,有助于实现工程管理的规范化、效益评价的准确客观性、不同时空研究的可较性等。采用指标库方法建立我国退耕还林效益评价体系的可行性还需要进一步的研究。

A Study of the Index System for Evaluating the Benefits of Returning Farmland to Forest Programs

Building the benefit evaluation index system （BEIS） of Retuming Farmland to Forest Programs （RFFP） has been a trend. The coo-efficiency, cost, and output or incomes have been mainly reflected in BEIS of RFFP in domestic and international projects. However, a standardized BEIS is still lacking in Chi- na. So, in this paper, a discussion was made on the possible measures to build standardized BEIS of RFFP in China, including the criterion of selecting indicators, making certain indicators weight methods, and building continually updating index databases, and so on. The main characteristic of index databases should be continually updated, and management of index databases could follow the experience of EBI in America. For fully reflecting the effectiveness of RFFP in China, building BEIS should not only focus on the evaluation of ecological benefits, but also fully reflect the economic, social and other benefits. Further studies of standardized BEIS of RFFP should be strengthened for contributing towards the standardization of RFFP management, effective and accurate evaluation of BEIS, and comparison of studies in different spatial and temporal conditions and so on. The further studies should be made of the feasibility of building BEIS of RFFP of China with index databases.