甘肃省食物消费结构的变化对虚拟水消耗的影响

本研究对甘肃省2000-2014年居民人均食物虚拟水消耗进行计算。结果表明,甘肃省人均食物虚拟水消耗量从2000-2014年呈上升趋势,很大程度上是因为动物产品的消费量在总的食物消费结构中比重增加。2014年甘肃人均食物虚拟水消耗量是481.83 m3,低于同期的全国人均水平。未来随着经济的发展和居民收入的提高,动物产品消费增加,导致虚拟水消耗增加。若达到《中国居民膳食指南(2016)》要求的膳食平衡标准,未来甘肃省居民年人均食物虚拟水消耗量将增加133.42~423.85 m3,这给原本水资源短缺的甘肃地区带来了重大挑战。基于研究结果,本研究提出通过加强水资源的管理、倡导健康消费和运用虚拟水战略等方式缓解地区水资源压力。

Food consumption patterns and virtual water consumption in Gansu Province

We calculated the virtual water consumption for food production in Gansu Province from 2000 to 2014.The results showed a growing trend in virtual water consumption per capita in Gansu Province,as animal-based product consumption increased with food consumption.The virtual water consumption for food production per capita in Gansu was 481.83 m3 in 2014,which was lower than the national average.As more animal products will be consumed with economic development and increased income of residents,the virtual water consumption for food production will increase in the future.If the 2016 daily dietary guidelines for Chinese residents were reached,virtual water consumption per capita in Gansu will increase from 133.42 m3 to 423.85 m3,which will create a water shortage and be a major challenge for Gansu.Based on the results of this study,the possible answers for water shortage in Gansu are improving the management of water resources,improving diet,and using policies such as virtual water strategy.