饲用荞麦在畜牧业中的应用与研究

荞麦(Fagopyrum esulentum)原产于中国,其栽培种甜荞和苦荞在世界各地已被广泛种植,我国西南地区蕴含着丰富的野生荞麦资源。荞麦营养丰富,除含有常见的蛋白质、纤维素和糖类外,还富含芦丁等抗氧化物质,具有耐瘠薄、抗病虫害、适应性强、生长迅速等优点,特别是一些野生种叶片大、叶量多,更适合于刈割,这些优点使其成为一种很具有发展潜力的优质牧草资源。但目前荞麦的饲用价值仍未得到充分的发掘与利用。本文着重介绍了荞麦在我国的栽培、饲用历史和现状,结合荞麦饲用于猪、反刍动物及家禽等方面的研究进展,分析了荞麦在饲用化发展中将面临的问题,并对其应用前景进行了评价与展望。

Progress of research on buckwheat forage and its application in the livestock and poultry industries

Buckwheat is native to China.The cultivated species,Common buckwheat and Tartary buckwheat, are distributed widely throughout the globe,whereas the southwest of China has an abundance of wild buck-wheat species.Buckwheat has good nutritional qualities,containing not only protein,fiber,and carbohydrates, but also rutin and other antioxidant substances.The crop is highly resistant to disease,pests,and barren,with high adaptability and a short growth period;some of the wild species are especially rich in leaves and are easily recovered after clipping.Buckwheat has emerged as a forage with great potential,but its value as a food source and prospects for development are currently underexplored.In this paper,we have introduced the history and current status buckwheat forage,reviewed the applications of buckwheat in pigs,ruminants,and poultry,dis-cussed the problems of buckwheat forage,and evaluated future research prospects.