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不同基因型菊芋耐盐生理及其生态适应性研究
引用本文:朱菊华,孙星,许斌,梁婷,刘明,缪建,赵耕毛. 不同基因型菊芋耐盐生理及其生态适应性研究[J]. 草业学报, 2018, 27(6): 120-127. DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2017304
作者姓名:朱菊华  孙星  许斌  梁婷  刘明  缪建  赵耕毛
作者单位:南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京,210095;滁州学院生物与食品工程学院,安徽滁州,239000;南通穗邦农业科技发展有限公司,江苏海安,226633
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31370422;31400464),江苏省农业三新工程项目(SXGC[2016]108),江苏省有机固体废弃物资源化利用协同创新项目资助
摘    要:本研究解析了菊芋耐盐生理及生态适应性的基因型差异,为菊芋抗逆品种筛选与生态建植提供了理论基础。试验以广适性品种河南品种(M1)和南菊芋1号(N1)为材料,设置低盐(100 mmol·L-1 NaCl)和高盐(200 mmol·L-1 NaCl)2个盐胁迫处理,观测了不同基因型菊芋品种的表观形态、抗氧化酶、内源激素等变化。结果表明:(1)盐胁迫明显抑制了菊芋苗期的生长发育,致使M1和N1品种植株矮化、根系发育受阻和干物质积累减少;(2)盐胁迫对M1品种叶绿素a(Chl-a)、叶绿素b(Chl-b)和总叶绿素(T-Chl)的合成没有影响(200 mmol·L-1 NaCl Chl-a除外);而N1品种光合色素合成受阻;(3)低盐胁迫M1和N1品种超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著增强;高盐胁迫N1品种抗氧化酶活性明显下降,而M1品种较稳定(CAT除外);(4)低盐胁迫N1品种吲哚乙酸(IAA)含量相对稳定,但促进了赤霉素(GA3)和脱落酸(ABA)的合成,M1品种内源激素含量均无明显变化;高盐胁迫N1品种IAA和GA3含量明显降低,ABA无明显变化;M1品种GA3含量增加,IAA和ABA含量相对稳定。不同基因型菊芋品种间耐盐性差异显著(M1>N1),且通过抗氧化酶活性、内源激素等内反馈调节机制,提高其生态适应性。

关 键 词:菊芋  光合色素  抗氧化酶  内源激素  生态适应性
收稿时间:2017-07-10
修稿时间:2017-11-22

Physiological response and ecological adaptability of different Jerusalem artichoke genotypes to salt stress
ZHU Ju-hua,SUN Xing,XU Bing,LIANG Ting,LIU Ming,MIAO Jian,ZHAO Geng-mao. Physiological response and ecological adaptability of different Jerusalem artichoke genotypes to salt stress[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2018, 27(6): 120-127. DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2017304
Authors:ZHU Ju-hua  SUN Xing  XU Bing  LIANG Ting  LIU Ming  MIAO Jian  ZHAO Geng-mao
Affiliation:1.College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; 2.School of Biological Science and Food Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China; 3.Nantong Sui Bang Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., Haian 226633, China
Abstract:The physiological and ecological adaptability of different genotypes of Jerusalem artichoke were analyzed to measure the responses of their morphology, antioxidant enzymes and endogenous hormones to salt stress. This study provides a theoretical basis for both varieties selection and ecological planting. Using the eurytopic varieties of Southern Jerusalem artichoke No.1 (N1) and Puyang Henan (M1) as experimental materials, two salt-stressed treatments of 100 mmol·L-1 NaCl (low salt level) and 200 mmol·L-1 NaCl (high salt level) were laid out in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications in each case. The results showed that: 1) Salt stress significantly inhibited seedling growth in Jerusalem artichoke, resulting in plant dwarfing, stunted root growth and a dry matter decrease of M1 and N1. 2) Salt stress did not affect the synthesis of chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and total chlorophyll in M1 (except for chlorophyll-a under 200 mmol·L-1 NaCl stress), but it blocked photosynthetic pigment synthesis in N1. 3) Low salt stress significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities in M1 and N1, while high salt stress markedly decreased enzyme activities in N1 and had no effect on enzyme activities in M1 (except for CAT). 4) Low salt stress promoted the synthesis of GA3 (gibberellin) and ABA (abscisic acid) in N1, but IAA (indoleacetic acid) content was relatively stable and endogenous hormone content in M1 was not obviously changed. High salt stress decreased the content of IAA and GA3 in N1, but there was no obvious change in ABA. The content of GA3 in M1 increased, while IAA and ABA were relatively stable. The differences in salt tolerance between the Jerusalem artichoke genotypes were significant (M1>N1), and the internal adaptation of antioxidant enzymes and endogenous hormones could improve the plant’s ecological adaptability to salt stress.
Keywords:jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus)  photosynthetic pigment  enzymes  hormones  ecological adaptability  
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