5个淮山新品种在海南幼龄橡胶林下的间作表现

为解决海南热区淮山种性退化、品种单一、不能周年上市等问题,引进‘桂淮2号’、‘桂淮5号’、‘桂淮6号’、‘桂淮7号’和‘黑美人’共5个品种,以海南当地品种‘云选1号’作为对照,采用橡胶/淮山间作模式进行试种试验,利用双因素裂区试验法,观察各品种植物学性状,收获后测定块茎产量与商品率。结果表明：5个品种植物学性状与广西没有差异;与当地品种‘云选1号’相比,‘黑美人’产量最高（54.6 t/hm ²）,其次是‘桂淮7号’,‘桂淮5号’最低;‘黑美人’生长周期最短,成熟最早;‘桂淮2号’生长周期最长,成熟最晚。‘桂淮2号’可作为晚熟品种进行推广种植;‘桂淮5号’和‘桂淮6号’可作为中晚熟品种进行推广种植;‘黑美人’、‘桂淮7号’可作为早熟品种推广。

Intercropping Performance of Five New Yam Varieties in Young Rubber Plantation in Hainan

In order to solve the problems of quality degradation, single variety, not produced annually of yam production in tropical areas of Hainan, five yam varieties of ‘Guihuai No.2’, ‘Guihuai No.5’, ‘Guihuai No.6’, ‘Guihuai No.7’ and ‘Heimeiren’ were intercropped with rubber to test the botanical traits in Hainan, and the tuber yield after harvest and commodity rate were assayed using the random group test method. The results showed that there was no difference in botanical traits among the five varieties as they were planted in Guangxi. Among them, the yield of ‘Heimeiren’ was the highest (54.6 t/hm ²), followed by ‘Guihuai No.7’, and the yield of ‘Guihuai No.5’ was the lowest, the growth cycle of ‘Heimeiren’ was the shortest and it was ripened the earliest, and the growth cycle of ‘Guihuai No.2’ was the longest and it was ripened the latest. ‘Guihuai No.2’ could be popularized as late ripening varieties, ‘Guanghuai No.5’ and ‘Guihuai No.6’ as middle late ripening varieties, ‘Heimeiren’ and ‘Guihuai No.7’ as early ripening varieties for fresh-eating food.