海南广藿香内生真菌分离鉴定及拮抗菌株筛选

本研究从海南广藿香的根、茎、叶和花等组织中分离获得61株内生真菌,采用显微形态观察和ITS序列分析鉴定为15个属,其中优势菌群为炭疽菌属（Colletotrichum）和干酪酵母菌属（Meyerozyma）。以澳洲坚果叶枯病菌（Pestalotiopsis microspora）、西瓜枯萎病菌（Fusarium oxysporum）和火龙果溃疡病菌（Neoscytalidium dimidiatum）为指示菌,采用平板对峙法进行拮抗菌株筛选,发现镰刀菌属（Fusarium）菌株PfuJ20、PfuG16和PfuG5对澳洲坚果叶枯病菌的抑制效果最好,棒孢属（Corynespora）菌株PfuH2对西瓜枯萎病菌抑菌效果较好。采用滤纸片扩散法进行各菌株对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、枯草芽孢杆菌等动植物病原细菌的抑菌作用评价,发现镰刀菌属PfuJ20、PfuG16对各细菌均有较强抑制效果,而链格孢属（Alternaria） PfuH1对金黄色葡萄球菌的生长抑制效果相对最强。结果表明,海南广藿香内生真菌具有一定的生物多样性,部分内生真菌菌株具有较强的抑菌活性。

Isolation and Identification of Endophytic Fungi from Hainan Patchouli and Screening of Antagonistic Strains

In this study, 61 endophytic fungi were isolated from roots, stems, leaves and flowers of Hainan patchouli, and identified as 15 genera by ITS sequence analysis and morphological analysis. The dominant genus was the Colletotrichum and Meyerozyma. The inhibitory effect of Fusarium PfuJ20, PfuG16 and PfuG5 on Pestalotiopsis microspora was most obvious when Pestalotiopsis microspora, Fusarium oxysporum and Neoscytalidium dimidiatum were used as the indicator bacteria, and the activity of phytopathogenic fungi was determined by the plate sputum method. The activity of anti-phytopathogenic bacteria was determined by the filter paper diffusion method. Fusarium had strong inhibitory effects on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Bacillus subtilis and Alternaria had the strongest growth inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that Hainan patchouli endophytic fungi had certain biodiversity and some endophytic fungal strains had more obvious antibacterial activity.