花蕾注射防治香蕉黄胸蓟马的药剂筛选及田间防效

香蕉黄胸蓟马是为害香蕉最主要的害虫之一,目前急缺高效的防治方法。近年来应用的花蕾注射法为控制香蕉黄胸蓟马提供了一种全新的精准施药方式,但适用该方法的药剂筛选鲜有报道。为了获得适用于此方法的高效低毒的杀虫剂,本文采用花蕾注射法在田间筛选了22种化学农药对香蕉黄胸蓟马的防效,结果表明,在推荐剂量下,吡虫啉、螺虫乙酯、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、溴氰虫酰胺、阿维菌素、虫螨腈等6种杀虫剂对香蕉黄胸蓟马的防治效果最高,处理后28 d的防治效果分别为99.80%、99.67%、99.48%、99.61%、99.33%和98.96%;同时,研究还发现吡虫啉与溴氰虫酰胺具有一定的协同增效作用,当其制剂用量分别在0.5 mL/L+0.5 mL/L和0.5 mL/L+0.25 mL/L时增效作用明显,防治效果分别为98.75%和95.81%,优于单剂的防治效果。本研究结果表明,吡虫啉、螺虫乙酯、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、溴氰虫酰胺、阿维菌素、虫螨腈用于花蕾注射防治香蕉黄胸蓟马高效、可行,另外,吡虫啉与溴氰虫酰胺复配使用可以更有效地减少蓟马防治中的农药用量。

Screening and Field Effect of Insecticides for the Control of Thrips hawaiiensis Morgan by Bud Injection

Thrips hawaiiensis is one of the most important pests of banana plants. There is an urgent need for efficient control methods and pesticides. In recent years, the bud injection has been invented and proved to be a precise method for controlling. However, few reports have been reported on the screening of pesticides suitable for this method. In order to obtain high efficiency and low toxicity insecticides, 22 chemical pesticides were used to control T. hawaiiensis in the field by bud injection. The results showed that imidacloprid, spirulina ethyl ester, methyl vitamin salt, cyantraniliprole, avermectin and acaronitrile significantly controlled the thrips at the recommended dose, with efficiency of 99.80%, 99.67%, 99.48%, 99.61%, 99.33% and 98.96%, respectively, 28 days after treatment. The efficiency was 98.75% and 95.81% respectively for the conbinations of of imidacloprid and cyantraniliprole in concentrations of 0.5 mL/L + 0.5 mL/L and 0.5 mL/L + 0.25 mL/L, which was better than single agent. In conclusion, imidacloprid, spirochete ethyl ester, methamidoavermectin benzoate, bromocyanamide, avermectin and acarbonitrile were effective for bud injection to control T. hawaiiensis. In addition, the combination of imidacloprid and bromocyanamide could be more helpful to pesticides reduction in thrips control on banana.