不同氮肥用量下苦荞灌浆特性及根系形态与充实度变化

以苦荞品种‘晋荞2号’为试验材料,设置不同的氮肥处理,研究了氮肥对苦荞灌浆特性、根系形态、农艺性状、充实度及产量的影响。结果表明:中浓度氮肥处理(MN)对晋荞2号籽粒增重效果最显著;籽粒灌浆过程中的实际百粒重、百粒重理论可能最大值(A)、灌浆起始势(R0)、生长速率为最大时的生长量(Wmax·G)及活跃生长期均以MN处理最高;根系长度、表面积、体积均以MN处理最高,根冠比以低浓度氮肥处理(LN)最高;‘晋荞2号’的农艺性状、充实度及产量各指标基本以LN、MN处理最佳。综上所述,中浓度氮肥处理更利于促进苦荞的灌浆进程,进而提高充实度及产量。本研究为苦荞的高产栽培提供了理论依据和技术支撑。

Grouting Characteristics and Root Morphology and Filling Degree of Tartary Buckwheat Under Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Application

Tartary buckwheat cv ‘Jinqiao No. 2’ (JQ2) was selected as the material to investigate the changes in the filling characteristics, root morphology, plant agronomic traits, plumpness, and yield of tartary buckwheat with different nitrogenous treatments, in order to provide a theoretical basis and technical support for high-yield cultivation of tartary buckwheat. Medium concentration nitrogen fertilizer treatment (MN treatment) had the most significant effect on grain weight of ‘Jinqiao 2’. The actual 100-grain weight and theoretical maximum 100-grain weight (A), the initial grain filling potential (R₀), and growth rate at maximum growth rate during grain filling (W_max·G) and active growth period were the highest in the MN treatment. Root length, surface area and volume were the highest in the MN treatment. Root-shoot ratio was the highest in the less concentration nitrogen fertilizer treatment (LN). The agronomic traits, plumpness and yield of ‘Jinqiao No. 2’ were basically the best in the LN and MN treatments. In summary, the treatment of medium-concentration nitrogen fertilizer is more conducive to promoting the filling process of bitter buckwheat and improving its fullness and yield.