6个甘薯品种干物质积累与分配特性的研究

以高干型（渝薯1号和渝薯27）、中干型（渝苏303、渝苏8号和渝薯99）和低干型（潮薯1号）甘薯为研究对象,考察移栽15、30、60、90、120 d后干物质积累和分配的特性及其与主要农艺性状的相关性。结果表明：与中、低干型品种比较,高干型品种前期（15~60 d）干物质积累多,增速快,地上部干物质分配比例高,在中期（60~90 d）地上部干物质增长速度达到最高值为2.31 g/(plant·d),生长前、中期净同化率较高,最高达12.018 g/(m ²·d)。各时期生物总干产均与叶片干物质积累呈极显著正相关,而与各部位干物质分配比例没有相关性,块根干产与块根干物质分配比例在60 d前呈显著或极显著正相关。高干型品种中期茎叶稳健生长,干物质向块根转移早,后期（90~120 d）叶面积和叶片干产不衰减,这些特点有利于品种高产。本研究为甘薯品质育种和产业化开发提供了依据。

Study on Characteristics of Dry Matter Accumulation and Partition of Six Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. Varieties

Based on Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. with higher (Yushu No.1, Yushu No.27), middle (Yusu No.303, Yusu No.8, Yushu No.99) and lower (Chaoshu No.1) dry matter (DM) content in storage roots, the characteristics of DM accumulation and partition and the correlations with major agronomic traits were studied at 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 d after transplanting. The results indicated varieties with higher DM content in storage roots, compared with the other two types, could accumulate much more DM during the earlier period (15-60 d) with higher increasing rates and ratios of DM partition in aerial parts. The maximum increasing rate of aerial parts was up to 2.31 g/(plant·d) during 60-90 d. The maximum net assimilation rate was up to 12.018 g/(m ²·d) during the earlier and middle periods. DM yield per plant revealed an extremely significant positive correlation with DM accumulation of blades while that revealed no significant correlation with ratios of DM partition in each part during all periods. DM yield of storage roots revealed a significantly or extremely significant positive correlation with ratios of DM partition in storage roots before 60 d. High DM content varieties had the characteristics contributed of DM partition early in storage roots, stable growth of aerial parts during the middle period, and non-decreasing leaf area and dry yield during the later period, which leading to higher yield. The research would lay a solid foundation for sweetpotato quality breeding and industrialization.