海藻酸钠/壳聚糖基橡胶树死皮康复营养剂微胶囊的制备工艺优化

橡胶树死皮已成为制约天然橡胶生产发展的重要因子之一,研发轻简、高效的死皮防治技术是目前生产中亟需解决的问题。本文以海藻酸钠/壳聚糖为壁材,橡胶树死皮康复营养剂主要有效成分为芯材,通过复凝聚反应将橡胶树死皮康复营养剂制备成微胶囊。以微胶囊的包封率、载药量为制备工艺优化指标,通过L₁₆(4 ⁵)正交实验得出微胶囊的最佳制备工艺条件。研究结果表明,当壳聚糖浓度为2.0 mg/mL、营养剂用量为1 g,体系反应温度为40 ℃,pH为5,10%戊二醛用量为30 mL时,该工艺条件下制备的微胶囊相对圆整、粒度分布相对均匀（10~40 μm）,其包封率达69.31%、载药量达14.35%。所得的最佳工艺制备条件为后期实现木质部埋植橡胶树死皮康复营养剂缓释微胶囊打下良好基础;为最终实现新型高效的橡胶树死皮康复技术应用提供依据。

Preparation Technology Optimization of Sodium Alginate / Chitosan Based Tapping Panel Dryness (TPD) Rehabilitation Nutrition Microcapsule in Hevea brasiliensis

Tapping Panel Dryness (TPD) is one of the important factors that restrict the development of natural rubber production. It is an urgent problem to develop simple and efficient prevention and treatment technology for TPD. In this paper, sodium alginate / chitosan was used as the wall material, and the main effective ingredients of TPD rehabilitation nutrition were used as the core material. The TPD rehabilitation nutrition was prepared into microcapsules by a complex coacervation reaction. An L₁₆(4 ⁵) orthogonal experimental design for the standardization of encapsulation rate and drug loading rate was applied to optimize the preparation procedure of the microspheres. The results showed that the best preparation condition were chitosan 2.0 mg/mL, nutritive agent 1 g, pH 5, 40 ℃, and glutaraldehyde 30 mL. The microcapsules prepared under this process were relatively round and uniform in size distribution, with encapsulation rate of 69.31% and drug loading rate of 14.35%. The optimum preparation conditions would lay a good foundation for the later implementation of slow-release microcapsules of TPD rehabilitation nutrients embedded in xylem, and provide theoretical references for the application of new and efficient rehabilitation technology for TPD in Hevea brasiliensis.