特种野猪染色体核型研究

目的]为特种野猪的遗传学研究、基因定位提供依据。方法]用外周血培养方法制备染色体标本,对宁波特种野猪的染色体核型进行了分析。结果]特种野猪染色体数目为38,其中,A组由1~5号5对染色体组成,属于近中着丝点染色体(SM);B组由6~7号2对染色体组成,属于近端部着丝点染色体(ST);C组由8~13号6对染色体组成,属于中部着丝点染色体(M);D组由14~18号5对染色体组成,属于端部着丝点染色体(T);X染色体为近中部着丝点染色体;Y染色体为中部着丝点染色体。特种野猪染色体数目与家猪相同,但核型有些差异。特种野猪的中部着丝点染色体有6对,端部着丝点染色体有5对,与家猪的正好相反。结论]特种野猪的核型可能是一些罗伯逊易位个体与正常核型个体间反复杂交,染色体重新组合的结果。

Study on the Chromosomal Karyotype of Special Wild Pig

Objective] The research aimed to provide basis for the genetics research and gene mapping of special wild pig.Method] The chromosome specimens were prepared by peripheral blood culture method to analyze the chromosomal karyotype of Ningbo special wild pig.Result] The chromosome number of special wild pig was 2n=38.Among them,group A was composed of 5 pairs of chromosomes from No.1 to No.5 and belonged to submetacentric chromosome;group B was composed of 2 pairs of chromosomes from No.6 to No.7 and belonged to acrocentric chromosomes,group C was composed of 6 pairs of chromosomes from No.8 to No.13 and belonged to metacentric chromosomes and Group D was composed of 5 pairs of chromosomes from No.14 to No.18 and belonged to telocentric chromosomes.X chromosome was submetacentric chromosome and Y chromosome was metacentric chromosome.The chromosome number of special wild pig was the same as that of domestic pig,while their karyotype had some difference.Special wild pig had 6 pairs of metacentric chromosomes and 5 pairs of telocentric chromosomes,which was contrary to domestic pig.Conclusion] The karyotype of special wild pig was possibly caused by chromosomal reset in the process of repeated hybridization of some Robertsonian translocation individuals and normal karyotype individuals.