苦豆草生物碱对分月扇舟蛾体内消化酶和保护酶活性的影响

该文研究了苦豆草生物碱总碱及其单体对分月扇舟蛾体内消化酶和保护酶活性的影响.结果表明，总碱及苦参碱处理5 h后，超氧歧化酶(SOD)活性显著高于对照，而对过氧化物酶(POD)及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性没有显著影响.从保护酶活性的变化动态来看，槐胺碱处理后，POD及CAT酶活性表现出前期升高，随后降低，最后又升高的趋势，而SOD酶活性则表现出前期升高，随后维持在较低的水平；槐果碱处理后，CAT活性变化情况与槐胺碱处理的相似，但SOD和POD的活性在21 h内没有明显的变化.结果还表明，总碱处理24 h后，分月扇舟蛾体内蛋白酶和淀粉酶的活性均显著高于对照，而在供试的6种生物碱单体中，对消化酶活性的影响均未达到显著水平.上述结果表明苦豆草生物碱处理破坏了分月扇舟蛾幼虫体内SOD、CAT及POD的动态平衡状态，导致自由基清除系统出现障碍，体内自由基水平升高，对虫体产生伤害作用. 

Effects of alkaloids from Sophora alopecuroids on the activities of digestive and protective enzymes in Clostera anastomosis

The influences of total alkaloid and its monomers from Sophora alopecuroids on the activities of digestive and protective enzymes in Clostera anastomosis were studied. Results showed that the activity of SOD was significantly higher than those of the controls and there were no effects on the activities of POD and CAT when treated with the total alkaloid or matrine for 5 hrs. As viewed from the variation trends of protective enzymes, the activities of POD and CAT after the treatment with sophoramine showed a gradual increase in prophase, a subsequent decease and an increase again in anaphase. However, the activity of SOD increased in prophase, subsequent decreased and then kept at a lower level. The variation of CAT after treatment with sophocarpine was similar to the one with sophoramine treatment. But activities of SOD and POD were not changed obviously within 21 hrs. Results also indicated that the total alkaloid had significant influences on the activities of digestive enzymes in the tested insects. In Clostera anastomosis, the activities of proteinase and amylase were significantly higher than those of the controls when treated with the total alkaloid for 24 hrs. But the effects of six alkaloid monomers on the activities digestive enzymes in the insects were slight. These results indicated that the dynamic balances among SOD, CAT and POD in Clostera anastomosis were destroyed by alkaloids from Sophora alopecuroids. It led to the free radical clear system undergoing dysfunction, the level of free radical in Clostera anastomosis increased, and consequently injured the larvae.