吉林省主栽水稻品种孕穗期耐冷性比较

为了对吉林省水稻品种进行合理布局，降低低温冷害风险，对目前吉林省主要水稻栽培品种孕穗期的耐冷性进行研究。选用目前吉林省的7个主栽水稻品种（‘长白9’，‘长白16’，‘吉粳803’，‘吉粳105’，‘吉粳88’，‘吉粳83’，‘吉粳81’）进行孕穗期16℃低温处理，通过线性内插法确定了低温处理6~14天连续9天的水稻空壳率，进一步利用统计回归方法建立了16℃低温处理下不同水稻品种处理天数与空壳率的相互关系。结果表明；所有参试品种在处理10~13天时水稻空壳率达到最高，随后无明显变化。其中耐冷性弱的‘长白19’的空壳率最早达到最大值，并且冷水反应比较敏感。耐冷性最强的‘吉粳81’，冷水反应比较迟钝。其余的品种介于二者之间。因此，品种间耐低温能力存在显著差异，选育耐低温品种是提高水稻耐冷性的一种有效途径。

Cold Tolerance Comparing During the Booting Stage of Main Cultivated Rice Varieties in Jilin Province

In order to make a reasonable arrangement of rice varieties in Jilin province and reduce the dangerous of low temperature, cold-tolerance research was carried out during booting period on the base of the main rice cultivars. 7 main cultivated rice varieties in Jilin province （ ‘ Changbai9 ’ , ‘ Changbai16 ’ , ‘ Jijing803 ’ , ‘ Jijing105 ’ , ‘ Jiling88 ’ , ‘ Jijing 8 ’ , ‘ Jijing81 ’ ） were treated with low temperature 16℃ at booting stage. After low temperature treatment for 6-14 days continuous 9 days, the rice grain empty rate was determined through linear interpolation. And the relationship between the grain empty rate and days in low temperature was analyzed by using regression method. The results indicated that all of the rice varieties in this test showed the highest grain empty rate when in low temperature for 10-13 days after which the change were not significant. ‘ Changbai19 ’ which was the most sensitive variety to low temperature was first reached highest empty grain rate. And according to the result, ‘ Jijing81 ’ was the most insensitive variety to low temperature. The cold tolerance ability of the other 5 varieties was moderate. From this paper, we can conclude that low temperature tolerance ability was different significantly among varieties, and low temperature tolerance selection is one of the effective ways to increase cold resistance of rice.