淀粉/木粉复合材料的制备与性能研究

以淀粉和木粉为原料,甘油为增塑剂,通过挤出成型制备淀粉/木粉可生物降解复合材料,重点研究淀粉/木粉混合比例对复合材料性能的影响。采用扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）和热重分析（TGA）对复合材料进行表征,并对复合材料的力学性能和吸水性能进行测试。实验结果表明：木粉的加入破坏热塑性淀粉的连续性,使复合材料的结晶度增大。复合材料的拉伸强度、吸水率和吸水厚度膨胀率随着木粉比例增大逐渐增大,断裂伸长率却逐渐降低。TGA测试结果表明,随着木粉加入比例增大,复合材料的热分解起始温度逐渐降低,但热分解的终止温度逐渐升高,淀粉和木粉两相依赖性逐渐减弱。

Preparation and Properties of Starch/Wood Flour Composites

Starch /wood flour biodegradable composites were prepared by extrusion,in which corn starch and wood flour were used as raw material,and glycerol as plasticizer. The effect of the mixture ratio of starch /wood flour on the properties of composite materials was studied. The composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy（ SEM）,X-ray diffraction（ XRD） and thermo gravimetric analysis（ TGA）,and the mechanical properties and water absorption properties were also tested. The experimental results showed that the addition of wood flour damaged the continuity of thermoplastic starch,and degree of crystallinity of composite was increased. Thus the tensile strength,water absorption,and thickness swelling were increased with the increasing of wood flour ratio,but decreased for elongation at break. TGA test results showed that with the increasing of the wood flour ratio,thermal decomposition starting temperature was gradually decreased,thermal decomposition e end temperature was gradually increased,and the two-phase dependence between starch and wood flour was waned.