长白种猪抗腹泻后代选育探究

为探索利用现代生物技术培育种猪抗腹泻专门化品系,采长白种猪耳组织样品27份,送江西农业大学动物生物技术国家重点实验室培育基地进行抗腹泻基因检测,检测结果为：腹泻抗性有利基因GG型个体比例占40.74%（11/27）,G的基因频率为0.67,A的基因频率为0.33。将作过基因检测的种猪按照不同基因型进行选配,分别为对照组（GG×GG）、试验1组（GG×GA）、试验2组（GA×GA）,观察、统计、比较不同组合所产仔猪在断奶前的腹泻发生率、腹泻死亡率、断奶成活率等指标。试验结果表明：1）对照组（GG×GG）哺乳仔猪腹泻发生率3.08%（2/65）,哺乳仔猪腹泻死亡率0（0/65）,30日龄断奶仔猪成活率98.46%（64/65）,这3个指标均与试验1组、试验2组差异显著（P＜0.05）或极显著（P＜0.01）;2）试验1组（GG×GA）后代腹泻发生率20.75%（11/53）与试验2组（GA×GA）后代腹泻发生率40.91%（18/44）差异显著（P＜0.05）,这可能与试验1组的选配公猪是抗腹泻基因型（GG）个体有关;试验1组与试验2组腹泻死亡率差异极显著（P＜0.01）,断奶成活率差异不显著（P＞0.05）;3）携带腹泻抗性有利基因GG型比例高的后代,哺乳仔猪腹泻率和腹泻死亡率低,断奶仔猪成活率高,表现出较强的抗腹泻力,在种猪世代选育中,加大GG纯合抗性个体的选留比例,最终可以建立长白种猪抗K88（F4）腹泻专门化品系。

Selection of Landrace Pig Anti-diarrhea Landrace Progeny Diarrhea Offspring Breeding Research

To apply modern biotechnol ogy to breeding, 27 Landrace pig ear tissue samples were collected and sent to the National Key Laboratory of animal biology at Jiangxi Agricultural University for identifying a molec-ular marker of anti-F4ac piglet diarrhea, the results showed that diarrhea resistance GG homozygous individuals accounted for 40.74%（11/27） with gene frequency of G and A being 0.67 and 0.33, respectively. According to different genotypes, the tested pigs were selected as experimental group（GG×GG）, control group 1 （GG×GA） and control group 2 （GA×GA）, analysis of diarrhea incidence, mortality, weaning survival rate and other indicators be fore weaning diarrhea indicated that：1） diarrhoea incidence of experimental group（GG×GG） piglets was 3.08%（2/65）, diarrhea mortality rate was 0（0/65） and 30 day-old weaned piglet survival rate was 98.46%（64/65）, which showed difference with control group 1 and 2（P0.05）; 3） with a high proportion of diarrhea favorable GG genotypes, offspring showed low diarrhea incidence and mortality and high weaning survival rate, so increased selection of GG homozygous resistant individuals in breeding can eventually build specialized Landrace anti K88（F4） diarrhea lines.