中药提取物及生物农药防治牛蒡长管蚜

以中药苦参、川楝子、白鲜皮、百部、博落回的乙醇提取物以及尿洗合剂、阿维菌素对牛蒡长管蚜进行室内毒力测定。结果表明,阿维菌素对蚜虫的毒力最强,其LC50为0.028g/L;其次为尿洗合剂,LC50为2.59g/L。中药提取物以苦参对蚜虫毒力最强,其次为博落回。田间试验表明,以5%的阿维菌素1500倍液防治效果最好,其次为尿洗合剂。在中药提取物中以博落回10倍液防治效果最好,其次为苦参提取物20倍液。使用生物农药及中药农药即可实现对牛蒡长管蚜无公害防治。

Urolecucon gobonis Control by Extracts from Traditional Chinese Medicine and Biological Pesticides

An indoor toxicity measurement to Uroleucon gobonis was conducted with Radix sophorae flavescentis, Fructus toosendan, Cortex dictamni, Radix stemonae, alcohol extractions from Macleaya cordata (wild) R. Brown, an admixture of urea and laundry detergents, and avermection. Results show that the toxicity of avermection is the strongest (the LC50 is 0.028 g/L), and then followed by urea and laundry detergents admixture (2.59 g/L). For the extractions from traditional Chinese medicine, the toxicity of Radix sophorae flavescentis is the strongest, and Macleaya cordata receives a second-place ranking. Field experiments indicate that 1500 times dilution of avermection has the best control effect, urea and laundry detergents admixture is of minor importance. Among the extracts from traditional Chinese medicine, 10 times dilution of Macleaya cordata has the best control effect, and then followed by 20 times dilution of Radix sophorae flavescentis. The control without social effects of pollution to Uroleucon gobonis is feasible using biological pesticides or extracts from traditional Chinese medicine.