普通烤房密集化改造的试验研究

[目的]研究普通烤房密集化改造后的应用效果。[方法]将普通烤房分别改造成气流上升式密集烤房和气流下降式密集烤房,分析改造后密集烤房烘烤烟叶的成本及烘烤质量。[结果]改造后的密集烤房操作简便,烤烟安全性能较好;炕内上下和前后温差为2℃左右,湿差为0.5℃左右,均低于普通烤房,烘烤时间比普通烤房缩短5 h以上;烤出的烟叶色泽鲜亮,且避免了烟叶挂灰、烤黑等现象。与普通烤房相比,改造后密集烤房的装烟竿数增加37.5%,编烟数量增加67%,烤出的28炕烟叶的上等烟提高11.25个百分点,均价提高1.48元/kg,收益增加4 065元/hm2。[结论]改造后的密集烤房可提高烟叶烘烤质量,增加烟农收入,应推广普通烤房密集化改造。

Extension Effect of Transforming the Traditional Flue-curing Barn into Bulk Curing Barn

[Objective] The aim was to study the application effect of transforming the traditional flue-curing barn into bulk curing barn.[Method] After the the traditional flue-curing barns were transformed into up-draft bulk curing barns and down-draft bulk curing barns,the baking cost and quality of the tobacco in the transformed bulk curing barns were analyzed.[Result] The transformed bulk curing barns had the character of simple operation and the safety performance of flue-cured tobacco was better.Within and around the kang,the temperature difference was about 2 ℃ and the humidity difference was about 0.5 ℃,which were all lower than that in the traditional flue-curing barn and the baking time was shortened above 5 h compared with the traditional flue-curing barn.The baked tobacco had bright color and avoided the phenomenon of dusty leaves and black leaves. Compared with the traditional flue-curing barn,the number of the pole loaded with tobacco in the transformed bulk curing barns was increased by 37.5%,the number of hanged tobacco was increased by 67%,the high class leaf of the baked 28 kang tobacco was increased by 11.25%,the average price was increased by 1.48 yuan per kg and the income was increased by 4 065 yuan per hm2.[Conclusion] The transformed bulk curing barns could improve the baking quality of tobacco and increase the earning of the tobacco growers,so it should popularize the way of transforming the traditional flue-curing barn into bulk curing barn actively.