三分式径流增肥整地对黄土丘陵区土壤理化性状和蓄水能力的影响

依托中日合作第二期黄河中游流域防护林建设项目,以昕水河流域的典型地区吉县、大宁、蒲县、隰县4个县为试验点,运用三分式径流增肥整地技术对该地区土壤理化性质、蓄水能力展开了试验研究,结果表明:土壤孔隙状况得到明显改善,10 cm~60 cm土层总孔隙度和毛管孔隙度平均提高了6.4%~7.8%和8.8%~11.2%,特别是0 cm~30 cm土层,与对照相比,孔隙状况得到极大改善;4种三分式径流增肥整地方式0 cm~40 cm土层的有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾及水解氮、有效磷、速效钾均有较大提高,与对照相比分别提高了57.1%,21.21%,17.0%,3.2%,38.1%,51.1%和22.5%;水平沟整地秋季、春季土壤含水率分别比对照高1.1%和1.3%,相对提高了5.7%和13.7%.鱼鳞坑整地秋季、春季土壤含水率分别比对照高1.1%和2.4%,相对提高了5.5%和26.4%.在最干旱的6月份,水平沟整地和鱼鳞坑整地平均土壤含水率分别提高了2.5%和2.4%,相对提高了35.7%和37.5%.

Effect of Trisection Runoff Fertility Soil Preparation on Soil Physicochemical Property and Storage Capacity in Loess Hilly Region

Supported by China and Japan cooperative project of protection forest in the middle Yellow River, Ji county, Da- ning county, Pu county, Xi county in Xin river typical area as study sites, soil physicochemical property and storage capac- ity in the area with trisection runoff fertility soil preparation was studied. The results showed that： soil porosity was improved that soil total porosity and capillary porosity improved 6.4%- 7.8% and 8.8% - 11.2% in 10 cm- 60 cm layer, specially in 0 cm - 30 cm layer, soil porosity was improved greatly compared with the reference. In 0 cm - 40 cm layer, by trisection runoff fertility soil preparation, TOC, TN, TP, TK, hydrolyzable nitrogen, AP, AK improved 57. 1%, 21.21%, 17.0% ,3.2% ,38. 1% ,51.1% and 22. 5% respectively compared with the reference. Soil moisture content with trench pit in spring and autumn improved 5.7% and 13.7% which were higher 1.1% and 1.3% than the reference. Soil moisture content with fish-scale pit in spring and autumn improved 5.5% and 26.4% which were higher 1.1% and 2.4% than the reference. In the most dry June, soil moisture content with trench pit and fish-scale pit improved 35.7% and 37.5% which were higher 2. 5% and 2. 4% than the reference.