日本林木生物质能源政策与效果分析

目前我国林木生物质能源产业处于发展初期,相关政策有待完善,日本的林木生物质能源政策体系值得借鉴。文中在阐述背景的基础上,着重分析日本促进林木生物质能源发展的20余项政策,并将其分为法律法规、发展规划和经济扶持3类;总结出其政策具有体系完善、连贯协调、可操作性强、重视分布式发展4个特点,并对政策实施效果进行分析;最后从4个方面提出对我国林木生物质能源政策的启示,包括健全政策体系、实施覆盖全产业链的补助政策、建立统一的领导机构、促进区域性示范。

Analysis of Forest Biomass Energy Policies and Their Effect in Japan

At present, China is in the early development stage of forest biomass energy industry, and relevant policies need to be improved. Japan's forest biomass energy policy system is worthy of reference. Based on the analysis of the background of forest biomass energy development in Japan, this paper puts the focus on the analysis of more than 20 policies to promote forest biomass energy development, which could be divided into three categories including laws and regulations, development planning and financial support, concludes four characteristics of the policies, i.e., sound system, coherent coordination, strong operability and emphasis on distributed development, and analyzes the effect of policy implementation. Then four suggestions are proposed to provide references for the forest biomass energy policy development in China, including the development of a sound and holistic policy system, implementation of a subsidy policy covering the whole industrial chain, establishment of a leading organization, and promoting regional demonstrations.