3种绿色防控技术对小菜蛾的防治效果

小菜蛾（Plutella xylostella）是危害十字花科植物的重要害虫之一，防治方法主要是应用化学农药防治，使得农药残留、抗药性及再猖獗问题日益严重。为明确不同绿色防治技术对小菜蛾的防治效果，采用田间试验方法，在甘蓝田进行不同类型的诱捕器和诱芯比较、7种生物农药筛选及释放螟黄赤眼蜂防治小菜蛾的3种绿色防控技术试验。结果表明：不同诱捕器和诱芯诱蛾效果差异显著，天然橡胶塞诱芯诱蛾效果明显优于毛细管型诱芯，船型诱捕器配绿色天然橡胶塞型诱芯或红色塑料毛细管型诱芯为最佳组合。生物药剂中乙基多杀菌素防治小菜蛾的速效性最好，药后1 d防效达到78.93%；小菜蛾颗粒体病毒在药后7 d防效达到最高，达到86.68%，但持效性较短。田间释放螟黄赤眼蜂对小菜蛾卵寄生率均达到65%以上，对小菜蛾卵的寄生效果良好。这3种技术对小菜蛾的绿色防控具有一定的指导和参考价值，可在田间示范和推广。

Effects of Three Green Prevention and Control Technologies on Plutella xylostella

Plutella xylostella is one of the important pests that harms cruciferous plants.Use of chemical pesticides was the main method to control it,but it makes pesticide residue,resistance and resurgence increasingly more serious. This paper aims to clarify the control effects of different green control methods on Plutella xylostella.The field experiments were conducted to compare trap and trap cores of different types,the 7 kinds of biological pesticides were screened out,parasitoids of Trichogramma chilonis was released to control the Plutella xylostella.The results showed that if traps were significantly different,the effect of inartificial rubber lures was significantly better than that of capillary lures. The ship type traps with green inartificial rubber lures or red plastic capillary lures were the best combination. Spinetoram was the best for the control of Plutella xylostella,with a control effect of 78.93% after one day. Plutella xylostella granulovirus had the highest control effect at 7 days after pesticide treatment,reaching 86.68%,but its persistence was short. The parasitism rate of Trichogramma chilonis to Plutella xylostella eggs reached above 65%. These three technologies had provided certain guidance and reference for the green prevention and control of Plutella xylostella,and could be demonstrated and popularized in the field.