对虾逐只分离装置设计与试验

为实现转盘式对虾剥制机自动、有序、逐只喂入，设计了一种对虾逐只分离装置，该装置主要由夹持器、导引勺、轮盘、后壳和传动机构等组成。以去头对虾的几何参数为依据，通过分析去头对虾的外形特征和受力情况，确定了夹持器、导引勺等关键部件的结构参数以及分离装置的转速范围。以转速为试验因素，以重排率、漏排率、对虾破损率和排料速率为指标，在对虾逐只分离装置试验台上进行了单因素试验，并利用图像采集系统分析了分离装置的工作过程。结果表明：对虾逐只分离装置的最优转速为20r/min，在该转速下重排率为9.2%、漏排率为7.7%、对虾破损率为2.5%、排料速率为164只/min。研究表明，该装置结构设计可行，能够将对虾杂乱无序的状态变为单只输出状态。

Design and Experiment on Prawn Single Separation Device

The directional feeding of rotary prawn peeling machine depends on manual work, which has the problems of high labor intensity and low efficiency. Feeding one by one is the premise of realizing automatic orientation of prawn. Aiming to discharge deheading prawns one by one, a prawn single separation device was designed, which was mainly composed of clamper, guide spoon, roulette, back shell and transmission mechanism. Based on the geometric dimension of deheading prawn, the structural parameters of clamper, guide spoon and other key components and the speed range of the separation device were determined by analyzing the shape characteristics and pressure conditions of deheading prawn. Single factor experiment was carried out on the experimental platform of the prawn single separation device, treating the rotation speed of the device as experimental factor, and the repeated discharge rate, leakage rate, damage rate and discharge rate of prawn as indexes. The working process of the separation device was analyzed by using image capture system. The results showed that the optimal speed of the prawn single separation device was 20r/min. At this speed, the repeated discharge rate, leakage rate, damage rate of prawn and discharge speed of prawn were 9.2%, 7.7%, 2.5% and 164 pieces/min, respectively. The structure design of the device was feasible, and it can turn disordered prawns into single output status. The design of the prawn single separation device can provide technical support for the mechanized feeding of rotary prawn peeling machine.