江西毛竹林土壤理化性质与养分吸附特性

为了了解江西省毛竹林土壤养分状况，采用常规和土壤养分系统研究法，分析了不同分布区毛竹林土壤理化性质和养分吸附特性。结果表明：不同分布区毛竹林土壤理化性质不同，但只有容重差异显著。容重以于都最大，崇义较小，土壤孔隙状况与之相反，持水性能变化规律不明显。不同分布区Fe、 Mn、 S和B较丰富， N、 P、 K低于临界值；崇义和兴国土壤Ca和Mg、于都土壤Zn、铜鼓土壤Ca、 Mg、 Zn和Cu均低于临界值。不同分布区间，于都土壤P、 K和Cu吸附率最高， S、 Mn、 Zn和B吸附率分别以铜鼓、贵溪、兴国和崇义最高；兴国土壤K、 S、 Cu和Mn吸附率最低，铜鼓土壤P和Zn吸附率最低， B吸附率以贵溪最低。土壤理化性质对不同养分元素的影响不同；容重与土壤孔隙状况、容重与持水性能、有机质和pH与养分吸附率的相关性呈相反的趋势；养分元素吸附率与该元素养分含量呈不同的相关关系，有正相关( Mn和Zn)、负相关( S和Cu)和相关性不明显( P、 K和B)。不同分布区养分元素含量的缺乏和丰富状况不同，在指导实际生产中，应充分考虑土壤养分状况和土壤对养分元素的吸附作用，采取合理的养分管理措施，从而达到环境友好、可持续的毛竹林经营。

Soil physico-chemical properties and nutrient absorption in Phyllostachys edulis forests in different areas of Jiangxi

In order to understand soil nutrient status of Phyllostachys edulis forest, soil physico-chemical properties and nutrient absorption in P. edulis forest from different regions were studied by conventional method and the system diagnosis method of soil nutrient status. The results showed that soil physico-chemical properties were different among regions, but only bulk density had significant difference. Bulk density was largest in Yudu and smallest in Chongyi, soil porosity conditions were in contrast, while water holding capacities were irregular. Fe, S, Cu and Mn were sufficient, but the contents of N, P and K in all research regions, Ca and Mg in Chongyi and Xingguo, Zn in Yudu and Ca, Mg, Zn and Cu in Tonggu were lower than critical value. The absorption capacities of P, K and Cu were largest in Yudu, while that of S, Mn, Zn and B were largest in Tonggu, Guixi, Xingguo and Chongyi, respectively. The lowest absorption capacities of K, S, Cu and Mn were in Xingguo, the lowest absorption capacities of P and Zn were in Tonggu while that of B was in Guixi. The soil physico-chemical properties had effects on soil absorption capacity with different effective on different nutrients. The relationship of nutrients absorption with bulk density and soil porosities, bulk density and water holding capacity, organic matter and pH were in contrast. Absorption of Mn, Zn and their contents were positively correlated, respectively, on the contrary S, Cu absorption and their contents were negatively correlated, and the correlation of P, K, B absorption and their contents were not obvious. The above results indicated that soil nutrient status and absorption capacities existed difference among different regions may caused by soil physico-chemical properties. In guiding the actual production, we should give full consideration to the nutrient content and absorption conditions to make reasonable management measures based on nutrient sufficiency or insufficiency from different regions, so as to achieve environmentally friendly, sustainable management.