水肥供应对番茄生长及产量形成的影响

以"金鹏1号"番茄为试验材料,通过盆栽试验,对处于不同灌水量和氮、磷、钾肥用量条件下的番茄生长及产量进行分析。在此试验条件下,各因素对叶片数的因子贡献率的主次关系为:施氮量=施磷量灌水量施钾量;对叶果比的影响表现为:灌水量施氮量施磷量施钾量;坐果率表现为:灌水量施氮量施磷量施钾量;60%~83.78%的灌水量有利于降低叶果比进而促进产量的增加;氮肥、磷肥用量达到0.96 g·kg~(-1)、P_2O_50.528 g·kg~(-1)土时会导致叶片数和叶果比增加,坐果率和产量下降;随着灌水量、施氮量、施钾量的增加番茄产量呈先增后减的趋势,在灌水量为83.78%W,施氮量为0.77N g·kg~(-1)土,施磷量为P_2O_50.421 g·kg~(-1)土,施钾量为K2O 0.670g·kg~(-1)土时产量达到最大值为467.5 g·株~(-1)。

Effects of water and fertilizer supplies on tomato growth and yield

The“Jin Peng No .1”was used as the experiment material to analyze the growth and production of toma-toes through a potted experiment under different irrigation amounts and with various dosages of nitrogen ,phosphorus and potash fertilizers .Contribution rates to the numbers of leaves by all factors were in the following pattern:nitrogen dosage=phosphorus dosage>irrigation amount>potash dosage .Contribution rates to the leaf-fruit ratio were in the following order:irrigation amount> nitrogen dosage>phosphorus dosage>potash dosage .Contribution rates to fruit setting ratio followed:irrigation amount > nitrogen dosage> phosphorus dosage> potash dosage . Irrigation capacities at 60% to 83 .78% were beneficial for production through the reduction of the leaf-to-fruit ratio .Fertilizer amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus at 0 .96 g·kg-1 (Soil) and (P2O5 ) 0 .528 g·kg-1 (Soil) respectively resulted in the elevations of leaf num-bers and the leaf-fruit ratio and the reductions of fruit setting ratio and yield .With the increases of the irrigation ,nitro-gen and phosphorus levels , the production of the tomato exhibited a trend of being increased first and then going de-creased .When irrigation capacity reached 83 .78% ,nitrogen ,phosphorus and potassium fertilizations were (N ) 0 .77 g ·kg-1(Soil) ,(P2O5) 0 .421 g·kg-1 (Soil) ,and (K2O) 0 .670 g·kg-1 (Soil) ,respectively ,the yield of the tomato reached a peak at 467 .5 g·plant-1 .