黄藤材主要变色菌的生物学特性

选取6种典型黄藤材变色菌进行生物学特性研究。结果表明：碳素营养、氮素营养、温度、酸碱度和藤材水分均影响菌株的生长及色素形成；变色菌主要利用藤材细胞内含物中的单糖、二糖和淀粉等,在外界营养缺乏的情况下,也可能对细胞壁有一定的分解侵蚀作用；黄藤材主要变色菌的适温范围较广,最佳生长温度为15-30℃；黄藤材变色菌对酸碱度的适应范围较广,在pH值2-11范围内均能生长,强酸环境下各菌株生长较弱,较强碱性环境对各菌株生长没有明显影响,最适pH值范围为5-7,对极端环境有一定适应能力；光照对菌株生长影响不大；藤材含水率对变色菌的生长有重要影响,当藤材含水率在70%左右时,各变色菌菌株生长良好。在实际生产中,可通过及时干燥有效防止藤材被真菌侵染。

Biological characteristics of stain fungi on Daemonorops margaritae cane

The biological characteristics of six typical stain fungi separated from Daemonorops margaritae cane were investigated. Results showed as follows. Carbon nutrition, nitrogen nutrition, temperature, pH and moisture content of rattan cane all affected the growth and pigment formation of the fungal strains. The stain fungi mainly metabolized cane cell contents such as monosaccharide, disaccharide, and starch. In the case of nutrition-deficient environment, they may also decompose the cell wall in a certain way. The stain fungi could adapt to a wide temperature range with the optimal temperature of 15-30℃. The stain fungi could adapt to a wide pH range 2-11, fungal strains grew weakly in strong acidic environment, the alkaline environment had no obvious effect on fungal strains growth, the optimal pH value was 5-7. Light had little effect on the growth of fungal strains. The moisture content of cane greatly affected the fungal strains growth,when the moisture content was around 70%, the fungal strains all grew well. The fungal invasion to rattan cane could be effectively prevented by timely drying in practical practice.