中国萝卜皮色遗传的初步研究

通过对中国萝卜（ＲａｐｈａｎｕｓｓａｔｉｖｕｓＬ．ｖａｒ．ＬｏｎｇｉｐｉｎｎａｔｕｓＢａｉｌｅｙ）不同皮色试材的杂交，Ｆ１、Ｆ２自交，研究了皮色遗传表现。初步结果表明，皮部绿色（即绿皮）依不同杂交组合，可能有不同的遗传模式，即可由１对基因控制，也可由２对连锁的基因或独立分配的基因对控制。若为连锁的２对基因控制时，它们还受到细胞质基因组（可能主要是质体基因组）的互作，表现出明显的偏母遗传现象。皮部红色（即红皮）似有３对独立遗传的基因控制，这３对基因还有相互作用，其中１对可能与绿色控制基因连锁。这样，红皮与绿皮试材杂交时，参与遗传的基因可达４～５对，它们之间出现复杂的相互作用，而使Ｆ２代出现暗紫、洋红、绿色、紫绿等众多不同颜色。其中有的基因还可能影响到肉质色的遗传，使暗紫色Ｆ２代个体自交，Ｆ３代分离出少数紫皮红心萝卜，将其再自交，则能分离出绿皮红心萝卜，从而在实验过程中证实和重演了绿皮红心萝卜的起源。

Preliminary Study on Skin Color Inheritance of Chinese Radish

Crossing individuals with different colors in skin of Chinese radishes ( Raphanus sativus L.var. Longipinnatus Bailey)and selfing their F 1 and F 2 generations revealed that green skin was probably controlled by one couple of genes,or two couples of independent genes,or two couples of linked genes interacting with cytoplasmic particulates,showing obvious matroclinal inheritance.Red skin was probably controlled by three couples of independent genes,with one couple linked with the genes controlling green skin.So 4～5 couples of genes took part in color inheritance when crossing individuls of red skin with those of green skin,and complex interacting of the genes made the skin color of F 2 be appeared dull purple,magenta,green,purple green and so on.In addition,some genes controlling skin color perhaps affected the flesh color inheritance.Selfing F 1 of dull purple skin separated a few individuals of red core with purple skin,selfing the F 3 could separate some individuals of red core with green skin.