甘南高寒阴湿区多年生牧草越冬性研究

筛选适合在甘南州高寒区人工草地建植和草原补播应用的优势草种,以保证草地的越冬性能和草地的持久性。在夏河县旱作雨养条件下对10种多年生牧草的长势、株高和越冬率进行比较。结果表明,10种牧草的长势、株高、越冬率差异较大。生育期有4种牧草长势优良、越冬性好,越冬率由高到低依次为垂穗披碱草(93.5%)、无芒雀麦(92.3%)、扁穗冰草(78.2%)、长叶车前(52.3%),紫羊茅、苇状羊茅、高冰草、高羊茅、多年生黑麦草、猫尾草则不能越冬。刈割时垂穗披碱草和无芒雀麦的株高较高,分别为23.4、22.4 cm,显著高于其他8种牧草。综上,垂穗披碱草和无芒雀麦长势优、越冬率高,可作为优势草种在甘南州建植人工草地或草原补播时使用。扁穗冰草和长叶车前长势优,可部分越冬,可作为辅助草种在建植人工草地或草原补播时利用。

Study on the Overwintering Characteristics of Perennial Forages in Gannan Alpine Region

The objective of this study was to screen advantageous grass species that were suitable for artificial grassland construction and grassland replanting in Gannan alpine region to ensure the overwintering performance and durability of the grassland. The growth, plant height and overwintering rate of 10 perennial herbage species were compared in Xiahe County under rainfed condition The results showed that the growth vigor, plant height and overwintering rate of the 10 forage species were significantly different. At grown period 4 forages not only had high growth vigor but also survived in winter, whose overwintering rates were 93.5%(Elymus nutans), 92.3%(Bromus inermis), 78.2% (Agropyron cristatum) and 52.3%(Plantago lanceolata), respectively. The other ones of 10 herbage species could not survive in winter of Gannan alpine region. Plant height of Elymus nutans and Bromus inermis, which were 23.4 and 22.4 cm, respectively, were significantly higher than the rest of the other 8 forages. Overall Elymus nutans and Bromus inermis, which showed high growth vigor and better overwintering rate, could be used in artificial grassland construction and grassland replanting in Gannan alpine region, while Agropyron cristatum and Plantago lanceolata, having the advantages of growing well before overwintering and partial grass having high overwintering rate, could be used as supplementary species for natural grassland construction or grassland replanting in Gannan alpine region.