不同施肥方法对水稻生长及稻田周围水体污染的影响

进行了稻田基肥(碳铵)不同施肥方法对水稻生长,及对减少氮肥损失、减轻氮对稻田周围水体环境污染影响的研究。结果表明,水稻基肥机深施及机前全层湿润施较耙面肥增产9％～14％,氮肥的稻谷增产量提高55％～76％,水稻对肥料氮素的当季吸收利用率提高4．4％～13．0％;水稻基肥(碳铵)机深施及机前全层湿润施用后,氮肥绝大部分进入土层,并迅速呈NH4+态被土壤颗粒吸附,随水流失进入稻田周围水体的N素比耙面肥处理减少60％-70％。这对减少N肥损失、减轻N素进入稻田周围水体造成水质污染及改善水环境质量均具重要意义。

Fertilization Method Influence on Rice Growth and Surrounded Water Pollution

Fertilization methods such as rice basal fertilizer showed different influences on rice growth, nitrogen loss reduction, N pollution on surrounded water environment. Deep application by rice basal fertilizer machine and all-layers wetness could enhance yield of 9%~14% more than normal fertilization method, nitrogen rice yield increased 55%~76%, nitrogen utilization rate improved 4.4%-13%. After deep application and layers wetness, most of nitrogen became NH4 and adsorbed by soil. Therefore N in surrounded water was 60%~70% less than normal fertilization. It was significant for nitrogen loss reduction and water pollution control.