苹果扦插繁殖生根机理研究进展

扦插繁殖以其高效、成本低廉和能保持繁殖材料的遗传性状等优点成为无性繁殖的主要方式,插穗生根则是这种繁殖方式成功应用的关键。插穗不定根形成受多种因素影响,研究扦插生根机理对苹果尤其是苹果矮砧的无性繁殖意义重大。文章从插穗不定根发生的形态解剖学、插穗生根的生理生化基础和扦插生根的分子生物学研究3个方面对苹果扦插生根机理的研究进展进行了综述。目前已明确苹果不定根发生和发育的形态解剖学结构,对影响生根的激素、酶、营养物质、水分及其他生理生化物质等进行了深入研究,并已深入到分子水平。相关研究结果对调控不定根的发生和发育具有重要意义。

Progress of Rooting Mechanism Study in Apple Cutting Propagation

Research on rooting mechanism of apple cutting is reviewed from morphological anatomy of adventitious root formation of cutting, physio-biochemical basis of cutting rooting and molecular biology of cutting rooting. At present, morphological anatomy structure of adventitious root formation in apple has been known that apple dwarf stock belongs to induced root primitive type, not hidden root primitive type. Hormones, enzymes, nutrients, water, and other physio-biochemical substances affecting rooting have been studied, it is thought that cutting rooting is affected by many factors, the formation of root primordium is the result of the dynamic equilibrium by the factors, and the reason of adventitious root formation in cutting is revealed preliminarily from molecular level. Relevant research results are of significance to regulate the formation and development of adventitious root, and it is necessary to carry out deep and comprehensive research on the formation mechanism of adventitious root from molecular level in the future.