利用微卫星标记对蒙古马和纯血马遗传多样性的研究

通过13个微卫星座位对蒙古马和纯血马两大品种的60匹马进行了遗传检测。用8％非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离PCR扩增产物，并用银染法显色。通过软件计算了各微卫星座位的等位基因频率、有效等位基因数(Ne)、多态信息含量(PIC)和杂合度(H)。结果13个座位中UCDEQ440变异最大，TKY16变异最小；纯血马的Ne、PIC和H的平均值均稍高于蒙古马；总群体的平均遗传分化系数是0．0429。这些研究将为今后我国培育优良品种马提供思路。

Evaluation of Genetic Diversity of Mongolian Horse and Thoroughbred Horse Using Microsatellite Markers

13 microsatellite loci were used to detect 60 horses of two horse breeds,namely mongolian and thoroughbred in this experiment. The PCR amplified products of microsatellite were detected by 8 percent non-denatured polyacry lamide gel electrophoresis and showing in silver staining protocol. Allele frequency,numbers of effective alleles(Ne),polymorphism information contents(PIC)and heterozygosity(H)for every microsatellite locus were calculated by softwares.The results were the greatest variation in UCDEQ440 and the lowest in TKY16 in 13 microsatellite loci;Mean numbers of Ne,PIC and H in thoroughbred horses were all higher a bit than in mongolian;Mean coefficient of gene differentiation(G_(ST))of the whole breeds was 0.042 9. These results could provide references in the future that breeding new excellent breeds in our country.